Developing a model of tank cooling by water jets from hydraulic monitors under conditions of fire

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.154669

Keywords:

fire in banking, temperature distribution, convective heat exchange, radiant heat exchange, water jet, water film

Abstract

The main danger of a fire at an oil storage tank farm lies in its cascade spreading to neighboring tanks. This happens due to heating metal structures to the temperature of self-ignition of vapors of petroleum products. That is why cooling tanks is a priority in the localization of such fires. One of the most reliable methods of cooling is water feeding onto the tank walls using hydraulic monitors that are stationed outside the banking. In this case, the problem is to calculate the cooling action of water and to determine such parameters of its supply that would ensure cooling tank structures to a safe temperature.

The model of the water jet motion after exiting the nozzle of a firefighting barrel was constructed. The algorithm of water supply by using a hydraulic monitor, which provides consistent alternation of the water jet motion on the tank wall in the horizontal and vertical direction was proposed.

The model of cooling action of the water film formed after water jet hitting the wall of the tank was constructed. The model is based on heat balance equations for a tank wall and a water film and takes into consideration the periodic water jet motion on a tank wall. When constructing heat balance equations, we took into consideration convective and radiant heat exchange with a fire and the environment. It was shown that the temperature distribution on the tank wall and the water film is described by the system of two nonlinear differential equations of the first order.

The findings obtained in the study make it possible to determine the parameters of water supply, which provide tank cooling to a safe temperature

Author Biographies

Yuriy Abramov, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher

Research Center

Oleksii Basmanov, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher

Scientific Department on Problems of Civil Defense, Technogenic and Ecological Safety of the Research Center

Javid Salamov, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Adjunct

Scientific Department on Problems of Civil Defense, Technogenic and Ecological Safety of the Research Center

Andrey Mikhayluk, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine Chernishevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

PhD, Senior Researcher, Head of Doctoral Studies, Adjuncture

Oleksandr Yashchenko, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Management and Organization of Civil Protection

References

  1. Landucci, G., Argenti, F., Tugnoli, A., Cozzani, V. (2015). Quantitative assessment of safety barrier performance in the prevention of domino scenarios triggered by fire. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 143, 30–43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2015.03.023
  2. Noret, E., Prod’homme, G., Yalamas, T., Reimeringer, M., Hanus, J.-L., Duong, D.-H. (2012). Safety of atmospheric storage tanks during accidental explosions. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 16 (9), 998–1022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2012.699740
  3. Liu, B., Ye, F., Wu, K., Wang, M., Zhu, M. (2012). The Cooling Water Intensity Design of Crude Oil Tanks Based on Standard Analysis and New Calculation Model. ICPTT 2012. doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784412619.072
  4. Trettel, B., Ezekoye, O. A. (2015). Theoretical range and trajectory of a water jet. Proceedings of ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. Houston. Available at: http://trettel.org/pubs/2015/Trettel-2015-Theoretical-range-and-trajectory-of-a-water-jet.pdf
  5. Sjöström, J., Amon, F., Appel, G., Persson, H. (2015). Thermal exposure from large scale ethanol fuel pool fires. Fire Safety Journal, 78, 229–237. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2015.09.003
  6. Ditch, B. D., de Ris, J. L., Blanchat, T. K., Chaos, M., Bill, R. G., Dorofeev, S. B. (2013). Pool fires – An empirical correlation. Combustion and Flame, 160 (12), 2964–2974. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.06.020
  7. Sudheer, S., Kumar, L., Manjunath, B. S., Pasi, A., Meenakshi, G., Prabhu, S. V. (2013). Fire safety distances for open pool fires. Infrared Physics & Technology, 61, 265–273. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2013.09.006
  8. Santos, F. da S., Landesmann, A. (2014). Thermal performance-based analysis of minimum safe distances between fuel storage tanks exposed to fire. Fire Safety Journal, 69, 57–68. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2014.08.010
  9. Abramov, Y. A., Basmanov, O. E., Salamov, J., Mikhayluk, A. A. (2018). Model of thermal effect of fire within a dike on the oil tank. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, 2, 95–101. doi: https://doi.org/10.29202/nvngu/2018-2/12
  10. Alimohammadi, I., Nourai, F., Daryalaal, M. J., Ghasemi, A. M. (2015). A novel method to design water spray cooling system to protect floating roof atmospheric storage tanks against fires. Iranian Journal of Health, Safety & Environment, 2 (1), 235–242. Available at: http://www.ijhse.ir/index.php/IJHSE/article/view/61
  11. Basmanov, A. E., Mihaylyuk, A. A. (2011). Lokalizaciya pozharov v rezervuarah s nefteproduktami. Kharkiv: NUCZU, 108. Available at: http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/261
  12. Basmanov, O. E., Kulik, Y. S. (2017). Estimation of the convection heat exchange rate for tank shells covered with falling water film. East journal of security studies, 1, 145–154. Available at: http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/6121

Downloads

Published

2019-01-22

How to Cite

Abramov, Y., Basmanov, O., Salamov, J., Mikhayluk, A., & Yashchenko, O. (2019). Developing a model of tank cooling by water jets from hydraulic monitors under conditions of fire. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 1(10 (97), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.154669