Municipalwaters pollution by pharmaceuticals and their derivatives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2013.16304Keywords:
municipal effluents, pollution, pharmaceutical products, active substance, concentration of pollutantAbstract
Water pollution by pharmaceutical products (FP) and their derivatives is observed in many countries around the world and has a tendency to globalization. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct the researches, aimed at investigating pollution sources and determining their quantity in effluents. an alternative of instrumental measuring of concentrations of these substances in effluent and surface waters is their theoretical calculating. The paper proposes a method for calculating the concentration of the most commonly used FP, getting to effluent waters of hospitals, as well as to effluent waters formed as a result of transient treatment of patients in residential areas. The proposed approach of quantitative determination of pollutants can be used as a tool for screening and monitoring of effluent and surface waters as well as during consideration of project and operational issues related to sanitation and water treatment.References
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- Suarez S., Carballa M., Omil F., Lema J.M.(2008) How are pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) removed from urban wastewaters? Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology 7, 125–138.
- Zgorska A., Arendraczyk A., Grabinska-Sota E. (2011). Toxicity assessment of hospital wastewater by the use of a biotestbattery. Archives of environmental protection3 (37),55 - 61.
- Vieno N. (2007).Occurrence of pharmaceuticals in Finnish sewage Treatment plants, surface waters, and their elimination in drinking water treatment processes. Tampere University of Technology 666, 1-117.
- Carballa M., Omil F., Lema J. M. (2008). Comparison of predicted and measured concentrations of selected pharmaceuticals, fragrances and hormones in Spanish sewage. Chemosphere 72, 1118–1123.
- Lindqvist N., Tuhkanen T., Kronberg L. (2005). Occurrence of acidic pharmaceuticals in raw and treated sewages and in receiving waters. Water Research 39, 2219–2228.
- Vystavna Y., Huneau F., Grynenko V., Vergeles Y., Celle – Jeanton H., Tapie N., Budzinski H., Le Coustumer P. (2012). Pharmaceuticals in rivers of two regions with contrasted socioeconomic conditions: occurrence, accumulation and comparison for Ukraine and France. Water, Air and Soil Pollution. DOI 10.1007/s11270-011-1008-1
- Bendz D., Nicklas A. Paxeus, Timothy R. Ginn, Frank J. Loge (2005). Occurrence and fate of pharmaceutically active compounds in the environment, a case study: Hoje River in Sweden. Journal of Hazardous Materials 122, 195-204.
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