A study of electrochromiс Ni(OH)2 films obtained in the presence of small amounts of aluminum

Authors

  • Valerii Kotok Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology Gagarina ave., 8, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49005 Vyatka State University Moskovskaya str., 36, Kirov, Russian Federation, 610000, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8879-7189
  • Vadym Kovalenko Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology Gagarina ave., 8, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49005 Vyatka State University Moskovskaya str., 36, Kirov, Russian Federation, 610000, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-6732

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.168863

Keywords:

Ni(OH)2, nickel hydroxide, electrochromism, electrodeposition, cyclic voltamperometry, aluminum, solubility product

Abstract

The research is related to the synthesis of electrochromic films of nickel hydroxide with aluminum as a dopant. Films were deposited via cathodic template synthesis in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol from solutions containing 0.01 M Ni(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)3. Aluminum nitrate was added in different concentrations: 0.138, 0.257 and 0.550 mM. The necessary aluminum concentration was calculated based on the theoretical grounding with the use of Faraday’s law equation. All of the prepared films demonstrated electrochemical activity, and the film deposited from the solution containing 0.01 M Ni(NO3)2 and 0.138 mM Al(NO3)3 has demonstrated the best results. The film cycled reversibly with the coloration degree of – 81 %. At the same time, the film prepared under the same conditions without the dopant demonstrated the coloration degree of 75.8 %.

All films deposited in the presence of aluminum had lower switching, especially bleaching, speed in comparison to the undoped reference sample.

Morphology study of the prepared films revealed that the latter differs little. The film deposited in the presence of 0.138 mM Al(NO3)3 had spherical formations on its surface. It was also found that the morphology of the substrate, which was glass coated with SnO2:F, differed significantly from the morphology of the films deposited with and without the dopant.

The film deposited from the solution of 0.01 M Ni(NO3)2 and 0.138 мМ Al(NO3)3 was confirmed to contain aluminum. The mass ratio of aluminum to nickel in the Ni–Al-138 film varied between 1:10.23 and 1:6.44.

Author Biographies

Valerii Kotok, Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology Gagarina ave., 8, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49005 Vyatka State University Moskovskaya str., 36, Kirov, Russian Federation, 610000

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Processes, Apparatus and General Chemical Technology

Senior Researcher

Competence center "Ecological technologies and systems"

Vadym Kovalenko, Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology Gagarina ave., 8, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49005 Vyatka State University Moskovskaya str., 36, Kirov, Russian Federation, 610000

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Additives and Cosmetics

Senior Researcher

Competence center "Ecological technologies and systems"

References

  1. Deb, S. K. (1969). A Novel Electrophotographic System. Applied Optics, 8 (S1), 192–195. doi: https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.8.000192
  2. Hurditch, R. (1975). Electrochromism in hydrated tungsten-oxide films. Electronics Letters, 11 (7), 142. doi: https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19750109
  3. Rosseinsky, D. R., Mortimer, R. J. (2001). Electrochromic Systems and the Prospects for Devices. Advanced Materials, 13 (11), 783–793. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4095(200106)13:11<783::aid-adma783>3.0.co;2-d
  4. Livage, J., Ganguli, D. (2001). Sol–gel electrochromic coatings and devices: A review. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 68 (3-4), 365–381. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0927-0248(00)00369-x
  5. Cai, G., Eh, A. L.-S., Ji, L., Lee, P. S. (2017). Recent Advances in Electrochromic Smart Fenestration. Advanced Sustainable Systems, 1 (12), 1700074. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.201700074
  6. Kondalkar, V. V., Mali, S. S., Kharade, R. R., Khot, K. V., Patil, P. B., Mane, R. M. et. al. (2015). High performing smart electrochromic device based on honeycomb nanostructured h-WO3 thin films: hydrothermal assisted synthesis. Dalton Transactions, 44 (6), 2788–2800. doi: https://doi.org/10.1039/c4dt02953d
  7. Monk, P. (1995). The effect of doping electrochromic molybdenum oxide with other metal oxides: Correlation of optical and kinetic properties. Solid State Ionics, 80 (1-2), 75–85. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(95)00130-x
  8. Özer, N., Sabuncu, S., Cronin, J. (1999). Electrochromic properties of sol-gel deposited Ti-doped vanadium oxide film. Thin Solid Films, 338 (1-2), 201–206. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6090(98)00974-2
  9. Smart windows: electrochromic windows for building optimisation. Available at: https://www.sageglass.com/sites/default/files/masdar_technology_journal_issue_5_september_2018_smart_windows.pdf
  10. Azens, A., Granqvist, C. (2003). Electrochromic smart windows: energy efficiency and device aspects. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 7 (2), 64–68. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-002-0313-4
  11. Shen, P. K. (1991). The Performance of Electrochromic Tungsten Trioxide Films Doped with Cobalt or Nickel. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 138 (9), 2778–2783. doi: https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2086054
  12. Zhang, J., Cai, G., Zhou, D., Tang, H., Wang, X., Gu, C., Tu, J. (2014). Co-doped NiO nanoflake array films with enhanced electrochromic properties. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2 (34), 7013–7021. doi: https://doi.org/10.1039/c4tc01033g
  13. Patil, P. S., Mujawar, S. H., Inamdar, A. I., Sadale, S. B. (2005). Electrochromic properties of spray deposited TiO 2 -doped WO 3 thin films. Applied Surface Science, 250 (1-4), 117–123. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.12.042
  14. Schmitt, M., Aegerter, M. A. (2001). Electrochromic properties of pure and doped Nb2O5 coatings and devices. Electrochimica Acta, 46 (13-14), 2105–2111. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0013-4686(01)00380-2
  15. Lou, X., Zhao, X., Feng, J., Zhou, X. (2009). Electrochromic properties of Al doped B-subsituted NiO films prepared by sol–gel. Progress in Organic Coatings, 64 (2-3), 300–303. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2008.09.006
  16. Lin, F., Nordlund, D., Weng, T.-C., Moore, R. G., Gillaspie, D. T., Dillon, A. C. et. al. (2013). Hole Doping in Al-Containing Nickel Oxide Materials To Improve Electrochromic Performance. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 5 (2), 301–309. doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/am302097b
  17. Kotok, V., Kovalenko, V. (2017). Electrochromism of Ni(OH)2 films obtained by cathode template method with addition of Al, Zn, Co ions. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3 (12 (87)), 38–43. doi: https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.103010
  18. Garcia, G., Buonsanti, R., Llordes, A., Runnerstrom, E. L., Bergerud, A., Milliron, D. J. (2013). Near-Infrared Spectrally Selective Plasmonic Electrochromic Thin Films. Advanced Optical Materials, 1 (3), 215–220. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201200051
  19. Bi, Z., Zhang, S., Xu, X., Hu, X., Li, X., Gao, X. (2015). A novel nanocomposite of WO3 modified Al-doped ZnO nanowires with enhanced electrochromic performance. Materials Letters, 160, 186–189. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2015.07.107
  20. Wu, Z.-S., Ren, W., Xu, L., Li, F., Cheng, H.-M. (2011). Doped Graphene Sheets As Anode Materials with Superhigh Rate and Large Capacity for Lithium Ion Batteries. ACS Nano, 5 (7), 5463–5471. doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/nn2006249
  21. Cao, D., Lan, J., Wang, W., Smit, B. (2009). Lithium-Doped 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks: High-Capacity Hydrogen Storage Materials. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 48 (26), 4730–4733. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200900960
  22. Kotok, V. A., Malyshev, V. V., Solovov, V. A., Kovalenko, V. L. (2017). Soft Electrochemical Etching of FTO-Coated Glass for Use in Ni(OH)2-Based Electrochromic Devices. ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, 6 (12), P772–P777. doi: https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0071712jss
  23. Kotok, V. A., Kovalenko, V. L., Zima, A. S., Kirillova, E. A., Burkov, A. A., Kobylinska, N. G. et. al. (2019). Optimization of electrolyte composition for the cathodic template deposition of Ni(OH)2-based electrochromic films on FTO glass. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 14 (2), 344–353. Available at: http://www.arpnjournals.org/jeas/research_papers/rp_2019/jeas_0119_7562.pdf
  24. Kotok, V., Kovalenko, V. (2018). A study of the effect of cycling modes on the electrochromic properties of Ni(OH)2 films. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 6 (5 (96)), 62–69. doi: https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.150577
  25. Kotok, V., Kovalenko, V. (2018). A study of the effect of tungstate ions on the electrochromic properties of Ni(OH)2 films. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5 (12 (95)), 18–24. doi: https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.145223
  26. Kotok, V. A., Kovalenko, V. L., Kovalenko, P. V., Solovov, V. A., Deabate, S., Mehdi, A. et. al. (2017). Advanced electrochromic Ni(OH)2/PVA films formed by electrochemical template synthesis. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 12 (13), 3962–3977. Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5628/61836625c1b46d9daeb7bbe73e7d85338519.pdf
  27. Kotok, V., Kovalenko, V. (2017). The electrochemical cathodic template synthesis of nickel hydroxide thin films for electrochromic devices: role of temperature. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2 (11 (89)), 28–34. doi: https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.97371
  28. Kotok, V., Kovalenko, V. (2017). The properties investigation of the faradaic supercapacitor electrode formed on foamed nickel substrate with polyvinyl alcohol using. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4 (12 (88)), 31–37. doi: https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.108839

Downloads

Published

2019-05-29

How to Cite

Kotok, V., & Kovalenko, V. (2019). A study of electrochromiс Ni(OH)2 films obtained in the presence of small amounts of aluminum. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3(12 (99), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.168863

Issue

Section

Materials Science