Controlling stress state of rock mass in order to obtain cubiform rubble
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2013.18444Keywords:
blasting material, blasting, rock, stress, rubbleAbstract
Taking into account a high strength of source material for cubiform rubble production, the only way to prepare material for its further mechanical processing is a complex of drilling and blasting operations. Stress state of rock mass, its physical and mechanical properties determine the nature of destruction. Presently, there is no convincing and accurate calculation of the stress state during blasting.
The task of optimal control of blasting lied in selecting the method of charges allocation in the rock mass and their mode of action in time, which would meet some technical and economic criteria. Finding the optimal blasting schemes was implemented as a search for extremum points of objective function in the space of controlled variables. Using mathematical models, laboratory research of the influence of deep-hole charges allocation on destruction of environment models was conducted. Analysis of key blasting results showed the advantage of such blasting schemes and charge structures which ensure maximum tensile force (and stress) in the rock mass in three mutually perpendicular planes. It was found that high efficiency of multi-directional charge initiation, which allows creating in the rock mass a complex-stress state with a predominance of tensile and shear stresses, promotes both crushing and softening of blasted rock mass.
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