Operational transconductance amplifier macromodel optimization for active piezoelectric filter design

Authors

  • Andrii Zazerin National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 16 Polytechnichna Str., Kyiv, Ukraine 03056, Ukraine
  • Anatolii Orlov National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 16 Polytechnichna Str., off. 124, Kyiv, Ukraine 03056, Ukraine
  • Oleksandr Bogdan National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine 16 Polytechnichna Str., off. 137, Kyiv, Ukraine 03056, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2013.19687

Keywords:

macromodel, OTA, FBAR, active filter, nonlinearity

Abstract

This work addresses the problem of optimal operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) macromodel creation in terms of its application in active FBAR filters. Existing macromodels of active elements are reviewed from their structure and application point of view. A nonlinear macromodel of OTA was developed on the basis of single-pole three-stage macromodel, which takes into account the necessary effects of real devices: the finite input and output impedances, the frequency dependence of transconductance coefficient and its nonlinearity behavior, noise characteristics. The features of presented solution include versatility of application in most of nowadays CAD systems, the ability to estimate with sufficient accuracy the frequency response of the filter and its performance, dynamic range, harmonic and noise analysis. Simple structure allows the speed-up of calculation and direct digital optimization techniques can be adopted to optimize the characteristics of the filter. The verification of macromodel was demonstrated on the example of FBAR connected to gyrator circuit, which showed high precision imitation of transistor-level circuit. The analysis of transient response and harmonic balance proved the acceptance of power series approximation of operation range. The use of two diodes outside this range allowed for modeling in wide input voltages range. The developed macromodel can be successfully used for the synthesis of active FBAR filters. 

Author Biographies

Andrii Zazerin, National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 16 Polytechnichna Str., Kyiv, Ukraine 03056

Postgraduate student

Department of Microelectronics

Anatolii Orlov, National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 16 Polytechnichna Str., off. 124, Kyiv, Ukraine 03056

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Microelectronics

Oleksandr Bogdan, National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine 16 Polytechnichna Str., off. 137, Kyiv, Ukraine 03056

Deputy director

Scientific and Research Institute of Applied Electronics

References

  1. Zheng, Y. Operational transconductance amplifiers for gigahertz applications [Text] / You Zheng. – Ontario, Queen’s University, 2008. – 159 p.
  2. Dubois, M.-A. Thin film bulk acoustic wave resonators: a technology overview [Text] / Marc-Alexandre Dubois // MEMS-based Circuits and Systems for Wireless Communication Integrated Circuits and Systems. – 2013. – P. 3-28
  3. Schaumann, R. Design of analog filters: passive, active RC and switched capacitor [Text] / Rolf Schaumann, M.S. Ghause, Kenneth R. Laker // Prentice-Hall Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering. – 1990. – 528 p.
  4. Deliyannis, T. Continuous-time active filter design [Text] / Theodore L. Deliyannis, Yichuang Sun, J. Kel Fidler. – Florida: CRC Press, 1999. – 464 p.
  5. Mohan, A. Current-mode VLSI analog filters: design and applications [Text] / Ananda Mohan. – Birkhauser Boston, 2003. – 453 p.
  6. Martinez, J. A 10.7-MHz 68-dB SNR CMOS continuous-time filter with on-chip automatic tuning [Text] / Martinez Jose Silva, Sansen Willy // IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. – 1992. – Vol. 21, N. 12. – P. 1843-1853
  7. Gomez, G. A nonlinear macromodel for CMOS OTAs [Text] / Gabriel G. Gomez, Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio, Martin C. Lefebvre // Circuits and Systems, IEEE International Symposium, 1995. – P. 920-923
  8. Cheng, Z. OTA macromodel and quarter-square multiplier [Text] / Ze Cheng, Jianyou Liu, Yanli Liu // Transactions of Tianjin University. – 1999.– Vol. 5, N. 2. – P. 6.
  9. Azhari, S. High linear, high CMRR, low power OTA with class AB output stage [Text] / Seyed Javad Azhari, Farzan Rezaei // International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering. – August, 2010. – Vol. 2, No. 4. – 5 p.
  10. William, H. Numerical recipes. The art of scientific computing [Text] / William H. Press, Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling, Brian P. Flannery. – New York: Cambridge University Press. – 3rd Edition. – 2007. – 1235 p.
  11. Zheng, Y. (2008). Operational transconductance amplifiers for gigahertz applications. Ontario, Queen’s University, 159
  12. Dubois, M.-A. (2013). Thin film bulk acoustic wave resonators: a technology overview. MEMS-based Circuits and Systems for Wireless Communication Integrated Circuits and Systems, 3-28
  13. Schaumann, R., Ghause, M. S., Kenneth, R. (1990). Design of analog filters: passive, active RC and switched capacitor. Prentice-Hall Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 528
  14. Deliyannis, T., Sun, Y., Fidler, J. (1999). Continuous-time active filter design. Florida: CRC Press, 464
  15. Mohan, A. (2003). Current-mode VLSI analog filters: design and applications. Birkhauser Boston, 453
  16. Martinez, J., Willy, S. (1992). A 10.7-MHz 68-dB SNR CMOS continuous-time filter with on-chip automatic tuning. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuit, 21(12), 1843-1853
  17. Gomez, G., Sanchez-Sinencio, E., Lefebvre, C. (1995). A nonlinear macromodel for CMOS OTAs. Circuits and Systems, IEEE International Symposium, 920-923
  18. Cheng, Z., Liu, J., Liu, Y. (1999). OTA macromodel and quarter-square multiplier. Transactions of Tianjin University, 5(2), 6
  19. Azhari, S., Rezaei, F. (2010). High linear, high CMRR, low power OTA with class AB output stage. International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering, 2(4), 5.
  20. William, H., Teukolsky, S., Vetterling, W., Flannery, B. (2007). Numerical recipes. The art of scientific computing. Ed. 3. New York: Cambridge University Press., 1235

Downloads

Published

2013-12-28

How to Cite

Zazerin, A., Orlov, A., & Bogdan, O. (2013). Operational transconductance amplifier macromodel optimization for active piezoelectric filter design. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 6(12(66), 30–35. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2013.19687

Issue

Section

Physical and technological problems of radio engineering devices, telecommunication, nano-and microelectronics