Decomposition of ferronickel slag through alkali fusion in the roasting process

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.217579

Keywords:

ferronickel, slag, alkali fusion, roasting, thermal, decomposition, Na2CO3, olivine, aluminum, chromium, iron, magnesium

Abstract

Ferronickel slag is a by-product of the nickel smelting process. Recycling of ferronickel slag is required since it contains valuable elements besides its potency to pollute the environment. In order to take advantage of the valuable materials and reducing the potential hazard, beneficiation of ferronickel slag is essential. Alkali fusion of ferronickel slag using Na2CO3 in the roasting process was carried out. This study aims to determine the decomposition of the mixture of ferronickel slag-Na2CO3 in the roasting process. Roasting temperature and time were 800–1,000 °C and 60‒240 minutes, respectively. Characterizations of the ferronickel slag were conducted by XRF, ICP-OES, XRD and SEM-EDS. Meanwhile, roasted products were characterized using ICP-OES, XRD and SEM-EDS. Characterization of the ferronickel slag indicates that Mg and Si are the main elements followed by Fe, Al and Cr. Moreover, olivine is detected as the main phase. The roasting process caused percent weight loss of the roasted products, which indicates decomposition occurred and affected the elements content, phases and morphology. The roasting process at about 900 °C for 60 minutes is a preferable decomposition base on the process conditions applied and the change of elements content. Aluminum (Al) and chromium (Cr) content in the roasted products upgraded significantly compared to iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) content. Olivine phase transforms to some phases, which were bounded with the sodium compound such as Na2MgSiO4, Na4SiO4 and Na2CrO4. The rough layer is observed on the surface of the roasted product as a result of the decomposition process. It indicates that liquid-solid mass transfer is initiated from the surface

Supporting Agency

  • The Ministry of Research and Technology/ National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia

Author Biographies

Wahyu Mayangsari, Universitas Indonesia; Indonesia Institute of Sciences

Master of Engineering

Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering

Research Centre for Metallurgy and Material

Isma Nur Avifah, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Bachelor of Science

Depatement of Chemistry

Agus Budi Prasetyo, Indonesia Institute of Sciences

Doctor of Engineering

Research Centre for Metallurgy and Material

Eni Febriana, Indonesia Institute of Sciences

Master of Science

Research Centre for Metallurgy and Material

Ahmad Maksum, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta

Doctor of Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Reza Miftahul Ulum, Universitas Indonesia

Doctor of Engineering

Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering

Florentinus Firdiyono, Indonesia Institute of Sciences

Doctor of Engineering, Professor

Research Centre for Metallurgy and Material

Rudi Subagja, Indonesia Institute of Sciences

Doctor of Engineering

Research Centre for Metallurgy and Material

Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono, Universitas Indonesia

Doctor of Engineering, Professor

Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering

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Published

2021-04-30

How to Cite

Mayangsari, W., Avifah, I. N., Prasetyo, A. B., Febriana, E., Maksum, A., Ulum, R. M., Firdiyono, F., Subagja, R., & Soedarsono, J. W. (2021). Decomposition of ferronickel slag through alkali fusion in the roasting process. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2(12 (110), 44–51. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.217579

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 12 (110) (2021): Materials Science

Section

Materials Science

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Copyright (c) 2021 Wahyu Mayangsari, Isma Nur Avifah, Agus Budi Prasetyo, Eni Febriana, Ahmad Maksum, Reza Miftahul Ulum, Florentinus Firdiyono, Rudi Subagja, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono

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