Effect of external pressures in dynamic gas mixers

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.26256

Keywords:

pressure compensation, capillary throttle, flow mixer, gas mixture, component concentration

Abstract

Analysis of the effect of pressures Pv of the sources of pure components, barometric pressure P0 and output pressure Pw in the gas-dynamic synthesizer on the component concentrations in the obtained mixtures has been carried out. In this regard, the use of typical pressure stabilizers in the synthesizer does not provide high accuracy of concentration of the prepared mixture components.

It was shown that synthesizers designed on the basis of throttle flow summarizers are characterized by a significant effect of external pressures. Limit concentration deviation resulting from the changes in Pv, Pw and P0 measure (in % abs/kPa) 1; 0.6 and 0.03, respectively.

It was established that equalizing of pressures at the ends of the dosing capillaries in the scheme of the flow summarizer leads, at least, to a partial compensation for the effect of external pressures. This is due to a unidirectional change in pressures and corresponding changes in the component flows metered by dosing capillaries.

Full compensation for the effect of external pressures can be provided by choosing dimensions of the capillaries applying the obtained system of equations.

Application of the dosing capillaries with dimensions differing from the calculated dimensions causes deviation of the component concentrations from the specified values at a level of 4 % rel. This deviation, if necessary, can be reduced by shortening capillary lengths during the measuring control of the synthesized mixture component concentrations using the gas analyzer.

The synthesizer of binary (СО2+N2) and ternary (О2+СО2+N2) mixtures for calibration of analyzers of the blood gases was developed and studied. It was established that the limiting deviations of the component concentrations resulting from the effect of external pressures did not exceed 4·10-3 %/kPa and, therefore they can be neglected.

Gas-dynamic synthesizers with a pressure equalizing scheme and the capillaries with dimensions determined by the compensation dependences are practically independent from the influence of external pressures and do not require high-precision means of their stabilization

Author Biographies

Ihor Dilay, Lviv Polytechnic National University Bandera str., 12, Lviv, Ukraine, 79013

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor

Department of Automation and Computer Integrated Technologies

Zenoviy Teplukh, Lviv Polytechnic National University Bandera str., 12, Lviv, Ukraine, 79013

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

Department of Automation and Computer Integrated Technologies

Myroslav Tykhan, Lviv Polytechnic National University Bandera str., 12, Lviv, Ukraine, 79013

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor

Department of precision mechanics devices

Ivan Stasiuk, Lviv Polytechnic National University Bandera str., 12, Lviv, Ukraine, 79013

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Automation and Computer Integrated Technologies

Ivan-Roman Zinoviyovych Kubara, Lviv Polytechnic National University Bandera str., 12, Lviv, Ukraine, 79013

Postgraduate student

Department of Automation and Computer Integrated Technologies

References

  1. The 8th international Gas Analysis Symposium & Exhibition (GAS 2015) (2015). Beurs-WTC Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Available at: http://www.gas2015.org/publicaties/4349
  2. Slominska, M., Konieczka, P., Namiesnik, J. (2014). New developments in preparation and use of standard gas mixtures. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 62, 135–143. doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.07.013
  3. Moshkovska, L., Prymiskyi, V., Nikolaiev, I. (2010). Metrolohichne zabezpechennia hazoanalitychnykh vymiriuvan. Standartyzatsiya, sertyfikatsiya, yakist, 2, 34–38.
  4. Malczewski, M. L., Heiderman, D. C. (2008). Pat. No. 7390346 USA. System and apparatus for producing primary standard gas mixtures. MPK G01N1/00. No. US11/127,144; declareted: 12.05.2005; published: 24.06.2008. Available at: http://www.google.ch/patents/US7390346
  5. Pratzler, S., Knopf, D., Ulbig, P., Scholl, S. (2010). Preparation of calibration gas mixtures for the measurement of breath alcohol concentration. Journal of Breath Research, 4 (3), 036004. doi: 10.1088/1752-7155/4/3/036004
  6. Nelson, G. O. (1992). Gas mixtures: preparation and control. Lewis Publishers, 294.
  7. Barratt, R. S. (1981). The preparation of standard gas mixtures. A review. The Analyst, 106 (1265), 817. doi: 10.1039/an9810600817
  8. Reyman, L. V. (1985). Tekhnika mikrodozirovaniya gazov. Metody i sredstva dlya polucheniya gazovyh smesey. Leningrad: Himiya, 224.
  9. Dilai, I. V., Tepliukh, Z. M., Vashkurak, Yu. Z. (2014). Basic throttling schemes of gas mixture synthesis systems. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4 (8 (70)), 39–45. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2014.26257
  10. Bondarenko, V. L., Losyakov, N. P., Simonenko, Yu. M., D'yachenko, O. V., D'yachenko, T. V. (2012). Metody prigotovleniya smesey na osnove inertnyh gazov. Vestnik MGTU im. N. E. Baumana, 41–53.
  11. Youn, C., Kawashima, K., Kagawa, T. (2011). Concentration measurement systems with stable solutions for binary gas mixtures using two flowmeters. Measurement Science and Technology, 22 (6), 065401. doi: 10.1088/0957-0233/22/6/065401
  12. Dіlay, І., Teplukh, Z., Brylyns'kyy, R., Kubara, I.-R. (2016). Development gas dynamic linear systems tasks of low pressure. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4 (7 (82)), 30–36. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2016.75231
  13. ISO 6145-5:2009. Gas analysis – Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods. Part 5. Capillary calibration devices (2009). Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization.
  14. Alboiu, E. F., Rus, S., Alboiu, N. I., Degeratu, M. (2017). Continuous Flow Type Gas Blending Facility Used for Autonomous and System Diving. Energy Procedia, 112, 3–10. doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.1054
  15. Vitenberg, A. G., Dobryakov, Y. G., Gromysh, E. M. (2010). Preparation of stable gas mixtures with microconcentrations of volatile substances in vapor-phase sources at elevated pressures. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 65 (12), 1284–1290. doi: 10.1134/s1061934810120142
  16. Helwig, N., Schüler, M., Bur, C., Schutze, A., Sauerwald, T. (2014). Gas mixing apparatus for automated gas sensor characterization. Measurement Science and Technology, 25 (5), 055903. doi: 10.1088/0957-0233/25/5/055903
  17. Haerri, H.-P., Mace, T., Waldén, J., Pascale, C., Niederhauser, B., Wirtz, K. et. al. (2017). Dilution and permeation standards for the generation of NO, NO2and SO2calibration gas mixtures. Measurement Science and Technology, 28 (3), 035801. doi: 10.1088/1361-6501/aa543d
  18. Brewer, P. J., Goody, B. A., Gillam, T., Brown, R. J. C., Milton, M. J. T. (2010). High-accuracy stable gas flow dilution using an internally calibrated network of critical flow orifices. Measurement Science and Technology, 21 (11), 115902. doi: 10.1088/0957-0233/21/11/115902
  19. Prohorov, V. A. (1984). Osnovy avtomatizatsiy analiticheskogo kontrolya himicheskih proizvodstv. Moscow: Himiya, 320.
  20. Dilai, I. V., Tepliukh, Z. M. (2010). Hazodynamichnyi metod vyznachennia diametra kapiliara. Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu "Lvivska politekhnika", 677, 128–134.
  21. Dilai, I. V. (2013). Modeliuvannia paralelnoho ziednannia droselnykh elementiv. Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu "Lvivska politekhnika", 758, 192–198.
  22. ABL700 series reference manual. Available at: http://biomed.au.dk/fileadmin/www.biomed.au.dk/faenotypering/Pdf/Radiometer-ABL-700-serie.pdf

Downloads

Published

2017-08-30

How to Cite

Dilay, I., Teplukh, Z., Tykhan, M., Stasiuk, I., & Kubara, I.-R. Z. (2017). Effect of external pressures in dynamic gas mixers. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4(5 (88), 59–65. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.26256

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 5 (88) (2017): Applied physics

Section

Applied physics

License

Copyright (c) 2017 Ihor Dilay, Zenoviy Teplukh, Myroslav Tykhan, Ivan Stasiuk, Ivan-Roman Zinoviyovych Kubara

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.

A license agreement is a document in which the author warrants that he/she owns all copyright for the work (manuscript, article, etc.).
The authors, signing the License Agreement with TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC, have all rights to the further use of their work, provided that they link to our edition in which the work was published.
According to the terms of the License Agreement, the Publisher TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC does not take away your copyrights and receives permission from the authors to use and dissemination of the publication through the world's scientific resources (own electronic resources, scientometric databases, repositories, libraries, etc.).
In the absence of a signed License Agreement or in the absence of this agreement of identifiers allowing to identify the identity of the author, the editors have no right to work with the manuscript.
It is important to remember that there is another type of agreement between authors and publishers – when copyright is transferred from the authors to the publisher. In this case, the authors lose ownership of their work and may not use it in any way.