Building a model of heating an oil tank under the thermal influence of a spill fire

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.309731

Keywords:

flammable liquid spill, spill fire, tank heating, heat flow

Abstract

The object of this study is the process of liquid combustion in a spill, and the subject of research is the distribution of temperature along the wall and roof of a vertical steel tank that is heated under the thermal influence of a spill fire. The heat balance equation for the wall and roof of the tank with oil product was constructed. The assumption of a small thickness of the wall and roof of the tank relative to its linear dimensions makes it possible to move to two-dimensional differential equations of the parabolic type. The equations take into account the radiative heat exchange with the flame, the environment, the internal space of the tank, as well as the convective heat exchange with the surrounding air, the vapor-air mixture, and the liquid inside the tank.

Using the methods of similarity theory, estimates of the coefficients of convection heat exchange of the outer surface of the tank with the surrounding air and the inner surface with the vapor-air mixture and liquid in the tank in the conditions of free convection were constructed. The application of the finite difference method for solving the heat balance equations has made it possible to derive the temperature distribution on the surface of the tank at an arbitrary moment in time. It is shown that the value of the coefficient of convection heat exchange of the liquid exceeds the corresponding value for the air-vapor mixture by (1÷2) orders of magnitude. As a result, the part of the wall located below the oil product level is heated to a temperature of (80÷230) °C depending on the viscosity of the liquid. This occurs despite the fact that the value of the mutual radiation coefficient reaches its maximum value at the lower part of the wall. From a practical point of view, this means that the part of the wall above the level of the oil product in the tank can reach dangerous temperature values, and it should be cooled first. The constructed model of tank heating also enables determining the limit time for the start of cooling of the tank.

Author Biographies

Volodymyr Oliinyk, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

PhD, Associate Professor, Head of Department

Department of Fire and Technogenic Safety of Facilities and Technologies

Oleksii Basmanov, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher

The Scientific Department on the Problems of Civil Defense, Technogenic And Ecological Safety of Research Center of National University

Ihor Romanyuk, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

Vice-Rector for Official Activity

Olexandr Rashkevich, Main Department of the State Service of Ukraine for Emergency Situations in the Kharkiv Region

Head of Sector

Sector of Record Keeping and Archival Work of the Activity Support Center

Ihor Malovyk, Emergency Situations Prevention Department of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine

Chief Inspector

Department of Regulatory and Licensing Work of the Fire Safety Department

References

  1. Raja, S., Tauseef, S. M., Abbasi, T., Abbasi, S. A. (2018). Risk of Fuel Spills and the Transient Models of Spill Area Forecasting. Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention, 18 (2), 445–455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-018-0429-1
  2. Yang, R., Khan, F., Neto, E. T., Rusli, R., Ji, J. (2020). Could pool fire alone cause a domino effect? Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 202, 106976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2020.106976
  3. Migalenko, K., Nuianzin, V., Zemlianskyi, A., Dominik, A., Pozdieiev, S. (2018). Development of the technique for restricting the propagation of fire in natural peat ecosystems. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 1 (10 (91)), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.121727
  4. Reniers, G., Cozzani, V. (2013). Features of Escalation Scenarios. Domino Effects in the Process Industries, 30–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-54323-3.00003-8
  5. Li, L., Dai, L. (2021). Review on fire explosion research of crude oil storage tank. E3S Web of Conferences, 236, 01022. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123601022
  6. Vasilchenko, A., Otrosh, Y., Adamenko, N., Doronin, E., Kovalov, A. (2018). Feature of fire resistance calculation of steel structures with intumescent coating. MATEC Web of Conferences, 230, 02036. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823002036
  7. Kustov, M. V., Kalugin, V. D., Tutunik, V. V., Tarakhno, E. V. (2019). Physicochemical principles of the technology of modified pyrotechnic compositions to reduce the chemical pollution of the atmosphere. Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, 1, 92–99. https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2019-122-1-92-99
  8. Popov, O., Iatsyshyn, A., Kovach, V., Artemchuk, V., Kameneva, I., Taraduda, D. et al. (2020). Risk Assessment for the Population of Kyiv, Ukraine as a Result of Atmospheric Air Pollution. Journal of Health and Pollution, 10 (25). https://doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-10.25.200303
  9. Loboichenko, V., Strelec, V. (2018). The natural waters and aqueous solutions express-identification as element of determination of possible emergency situation. Water and Energy International, 61 (9), 43–50.
  10. Paula, H. M. (2023). Insights from 595 tank farm fires from around the world. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 171, 773–782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2023.01.058
  11. Liu, J., Li, D., Wang, Z., Chai, X. (2021). A state-of-the-art research progress and prospect of liquid fuel spill fires. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 28, 101421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2021.101421
  12. Abramov, Yu. O., Basmanov, O. Ye., Krivtsova, V. I., Salamov, J. (2019). Modeling of spilling and extinguishing of burning fuel on horizontal surface. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, 4. https://doi.org/10.29202/nvngu/2019-4/16
  13. Sun, X., Huang, H., Zhao, J., Song, G. (2022). Experimental Study of the Effect of Slope on the Spread and Burning Characteristics of a Continuous Oil Spill Fire. Fire, 5 (4), 112. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire5040112
  14. Guo, Y., Xiao, G., Wang, L., Chen, C., Deng, H., Mi, H. et al. (2023). Pool fire burning characteristics and risks under wind-free conditions: State-of-the-art. Fire Safety Journal, 136, 103755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.103755
  15. Ji, J., Ge, F., Qiu, T. (2021). Experimental and theoretical research on flame emissivity and radiative heat flux from heptane pool fires. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 38 (3), 4877–4885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.05.052
  16. Oliinyk, V. (2023). Construction of the stochastic model of thermal radiation from a flammable liquid spill fire. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5 (10 (125)), 25–33. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.288341
  17. Nemalipuri, P., Singh, V., Das, H. C., Pradhan, M. K., Vitankar, V. (2023). Consequence analysis of heptane multiple pool fire in a dike. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 238 (5), 1811–1827. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062231181813
  18. Nemalipuri, P., Singh, V., Vitankar, V., Das, H. C., Pradhan, M. K. (2023). Numerical prediction of fire dynamics and the safety zone in large‐scale multiple pool fire in a dike using flamelet model. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 102 (1), 11–29. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25094
  19. Abramov, Y., Basmanov, O., Oliinik, V., Khmyrov, I., Khmyrova, A. (2022). Modeling the convective component of the heat flow from a spill fire at railway accidence. EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, 6, 128–138. https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2022.002702
  20. Kovalov, A., Otrosh, Y., Rybka, E., Kovalevska, T., Togobytska, V., Rolin, I. (2020). Treatment of Determination Method for Strength Characteristics of Reinforcing Steel by Using Thread Cutting Method after Temperature Influence. Materials Science Forum, 1006, 179–184. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1006.179
  21. Abramov, Y. A., Basmanov, O. E., Salamov, J., Mikhayluk, A. A. (2018). Model of thermal effect of fire within a dike on the oil tank. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, 2, 95–101. https://doi.org/10.29202/nvngu/2018-2/12
  22. Abramov, Y., Basmanov, O., Oliinik, V., Khmyrov, I. (2022). Justifying the experimental method for determining the parameters of liquid infiltration in bulk material. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4 (10 (118)), 24–29. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.262249
  23. Basmanov, O., Maksymenko, M. (2022). Modeling the thermal effect of fire to the tank in the presence of wind. Problems of Emergency Situations, 35, 239–253. https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-35-18
  24. NAPB 05.02. Instruktsiya shchodo hasinnia pozhezh u rezervuarakh iz naftoiu i naftoproduktamy.
  25. Maksymenko, M. (2022). Model of tank roof heating under the influence of a fire in an adjacent tank. Problems of Emergency Situations, 36, 233–247. https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-18
  26. Shafiq, I., Hussain, M., Shafique, S., Hamayun, M. H., Mudassir, M., Nawaz, Z. et al. (2021). A comprehensive numerical design of firefighting systems for onshore petroleum installations. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 38 (9), 1768–1780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0820-6
  27. Pospelov, B., Andronov, V., Rybka, E., Skliarov, S. (2017). Design of fire detectors capable of self-adjusting by ignition. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4 (9 (88)), 53–59. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.108448
Building a model of heating an oil tank under the thermal influence of a spill fire

Downloads

Published

2024-08-30

How to Cite

Oliinyk, V., Basmanov, O., Romanyuk, I., Rashkevich, O., & Malovyk, I. (2024). Building a model of heating an oil tank under the thermal influence of a spill fire. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4(10 (130), 21–28. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.309731

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 10 (130) (2024): Ecology

Section

Ecology

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Volodymyr Oliinyk, Oleksii Basmanov, Ihor Romanyuk, Olexandr Rashkevich, Ihor Malovyk

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.

A license agreement is a document in which the author warrants that he/she owns all copyright for the work (manuscript, article, etc.).
The authors, signing the License Agreement with TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC, have all rights to the further use of their work, provided that they link to our edition in which the work was published.
According to the terms of the License Agreement, the Publisher TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC does not take away your copyrights and receives permission from the authors to use and dissemination of the publication through the world's scientific resources (own electronic resources, scientometric databases, repositories, libraries, etc.).
In the absence of a signed License Agreement or in the absence of this agreement of identifiers allowing to identify the identity of the author, the editors have no right to work with the manuscript.
It is important to remember that there is another type of agreement between authors and publishers – when copyright is transferred from the authors to the publisher. In this case, the authors lose ownership of their work and may not use it in any way.