Identification of characteristics of conceptual prototype of microprocessor resource-saving relay protection system
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.312489Keywords:
relay protection, reed switch, Hall sensor, magnetic field, open architectureAbstract
The object of the study is the conceptual prototype of a microprocessor resource-saving relay protection system. Currently, relay protection ensures electrical networks reliable and efficient work, however, the traditional architecture is proprietary, not allowing to fix and replace damaged parts without a company specialist. Therefore, the open-architecture relay protection is a very pressing issue, but the problem lies in meeting the relay protection requirements. The data transmission protocols nRF and ESP-NOW, Hall sensors evaluation for AC current measurement determination and sensor accuracy improvement was implemented. Experimental validation demonstrated that nRF and ESP-NOW protocols meet the delay and reliability requirements, however, the nRF protocol is more suitable due to its flexibility and obstacle penetration. The data demonstrated that the most effective conditions are without obstacles at 15 meters from the modem and with obstacles 5 meters from the modem. The experiment of Hall sensors characteristics determination demonstrated the accuracy of current measurement with the set values of the opening and closing currents. Nevertheless, it is not accurate (12.45 %) for the relay protection application. Therefore, the application of the changing values of the opening and closing currents is more effective and accuracy reaches 6.92 %. As a result, the service life of the Hall sensor was determined, and even after 10 million openings, the open state time remained unchanged. Therefore, the approximation function for current amplitude determination depending on open state time was found. On the other hand, Hall sensors may suffer from temperature drift and require further optimization to be fully reliable. The study limitation is the current range from 0 to 800 A
References
- Technical report on the events of 9 august 2019. Available at: https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/sites/default/files/docs/2019/09/eso_technical_report_-_final.pdf
- Bringing 5G to power. Available at: https://www.ericsson.com/en/reports-and-papers/industrylab/reports/bringing-5g-to-power
- Biglarbegian, M., Nibir, S. J., Jafarian, H., Parkhideh, B. (2016). Development of current measurement techniques for high frequency power converters. 2016 IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC). https://doi.org/10.1109/intlec.2016.7749133
- Shen, D., Hu, B., Wang, X., Zhu, M., Wang, L., Lu, W. (2017). Research on Harmonic Characteristic of Electronic Current Transformer Based on the Rogowski Coil. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 199, 012123. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/199/1/012123
- Piesciorovsky, E. C., Warmack, R. J. B., Polsky, Y. (2023). Medium-Voltage Testbed for Comparing Advanced Power Line Sensors vs. Measurement Transformers with Electrical Grid Events. Energies, 16 (13), 4944. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16134944
- Chen, J., Xu, Q., Wang, K. (2020). Research and Application of Generator Protection Based on Fiber Optical Current Transformer. IEEE Access, 8, 172405–172411. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3018734
- Parkhomenko, R., Aniskov, О., Tsibulevsky, Y., Melnik, O., Shchokina, O., Kharitonov, A. et al. (2018). Designing a combined device for determining the place of arc discharge. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3 (5 (93)), 12–18. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.134016
- Kletsel, M. Ya., Mashrapov, B. E., Mashrapova, R. M. (2023). Reed switch protection of double-circuit lines without current and voltage transformers. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 154, 109457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109457
- Kletsel, M., Mashrapov, B., Mashrapova, R. (2024). Resource-saving microprocessor-based reed switch current protection. Electric Power Systems Research, 230, 110276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2024.110276
- Goryunov, V., Kletsel, M., Mashrapov, B., Mussayev, Z., Talipov, O. (2022). Resource-saving current protections for electrical installations with isolated phase busducts. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 61 (8), 6061–6069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2021.11.031
- Issabekov, D. D., Mussayev, Z. B., Markovskiy, V. P., Kislov, A. P., Urazalimova, D. S. (2024). Reed Switch Overcurrent Protection: New Approach to Design. Energies, 17 (11), 2481. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17112481
- Blagojević, M., Jovanović, U., Jovanović, I., Mančić, D. (2017). Folded bus bar current transducer based on Hall effect sensor. Electrical Engineering, 100 (2), 1243–1251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-017-0579-2
- Weiss, R., Itzke, A., ReitenspieB, J., Hoffmann, I., Weigel, R. (2019). A Novel Closed Loop Current Sensor Based on a Circular Array of Magnetic Field Sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal, 19 (7), 2517–2524. https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2018.2887302
- Xu, Y., Lalwani, A. V., Arora, K., Zheng, Z., Renteria, A., Senesky, D. G., Wang, P. (2022). Hall-Effect Sensor Design With Physics-Informed Gaussian Process Modeling. IEEE Sensors Journal, 22 (23), 22519–22528. https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2022.3216499
- Neftissov, A., Sarinova, A., Kazambayev, I., Kirichenko, L., Kuchanskyi, O., Faizullin, A. (2023). Determination of the speed of a microprocessor relay protection device of open architecture with a reed switch and the industrial internet of things. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2 (5 (122)), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.276588
- Neftissov, A., Sarinova, A., Kazambayev, I., Kirichenko, L., Biloshchytskyi, A., Kislov, A., Andreyeva, O. (2023). Development of the error reducing method for the determination of the alternating current amplitude without the use of current transformers. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5 (5 (125)), 32–42. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.288339
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Alexandr Neftissov, Ilyas Kazambayev, Lalita Kirichenko, Dnislam Urazayev, Andrii Biloshchytskyi, Omirzak Abdirashev
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.
A license agreement is a document in which the author warrants that he/she owns all copyright for the work (manuscript, article, etc.).
The authors, signing the License Agreement with TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC, have all rights to the further use of their work, provided that they link to our edition in which the work was published.
According to the terms of the License Agreement, the Publisher TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC does not take away your copyrights and receives permission from the authors to use and dissemination of the publication through the world's scientific resources (own electronic resources, scientometric databases, repositories, libraries, etc.).
In the absence of a signed License Agreement or in the absence of this agreement of identifiers allowing to identify the identity of the author, the editors have no right to work with the manuscript.
It is important to remember that there is another type of agreement between authors and publishers – when copyright is transferred from the authors to the publisher. In this case, the authors lose ownership of their work and may not use it in any way.
