Landmine detection with a mobile application
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.317103Keywords:
landmine detection, explosive ordnance disposal, humanitarian demining, mobile demining applicationAbstract
The object of the research is the detection of explosive objects in an image, with a particular focus on the identification of anti-personnel landmines. The objective of this research is to develop effective tools for the recognition of landmines.
A mobile application for the recognition of explosive objects, trained on a deep learning model using landmine replicas, has been developed. The application was tested on images of actual landmines. The model utilized in the application exhibited a recall rate of 89% (calculated as the ratio of correctly identified landmines to the total number of landmines present in the image). The results indicated that the recall rate for a specific category of landmines was less than that observed for the others. The average time required for offline image recognition was 2.1 seconds.
This paper presents the results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of the mobile application for landmine detection and classification. Furthermore, it describes the ways in which the application allows for the improvement of the model through the collection of data from users. It also describes the architecture and interface of the application, as well as an analysis of its potential applications in landmine recognition.
The efficacy of the mobile application can be attributed to its intuitive interface, the high accuracy of the deep learning model, and the capacity to obtain user feedback promptly. The program enables not only the identification of hazardous objects but also the transmission of data for the enhancement of the model.
The mobile application has the potential to be utilized for a multitude of tasks pertaining to the detection of explosive objects, in addition to enhancing the precision of the model. Furthermore, the app can be utilized in training centers for deminers and in mine-contaminated areas. The mobile application can be employed to identify unknown explosive objects and enhance the efficacy of deep learning models. The resulting models can be leveraged in the future to automate the demining process
References
- Landmine Monitor 2022. Available at: https://backend.icblcmc.org/assets/reports/Landmine-Monitors/LMM2022/Chapter-Images/Downloads/2022_Landmine_Monitor_web.pdf
- Landmine Monitor 2023. Available at: https://backend.icblcmc.org/assets/reports/Landmine-Monitors/LMM2023/Downloads/Landmine-Monitor-2023_web.pdf
- In Ukraine, 128,000 km2 of land and 14,000 km2 of water area are contaminated with explosives. Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. Available at: https://www.mil.gov.ua/news/2024/10/05/128-000-kv-km-suhodolu-ta-14-000-kv-km-akvatorii-ukraini-zabrudneno-vibuhonebezpechnimi-predmetami
- Dog works faster than person with metal detector. Rescue operations by SES in Mykolaiv. Hromadske. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDz17-1yeIk
- Dorn, A. W. (2019). Eliminating Hidden Killers: How Can Technology Help Humanitarian Demining? Stability: International Journal of Security and Development, 8 (1). https://doi.org/10.5334/sta.743
- Annual Report 2013. United Nations Mine Action Service. Available at: https://www.unmas.org/sites/default/files/unmas_2013_annual_report_digital_presentation_0.pdf
- Susanto, A. P., Winarto, H., Fahira, A., Abdurrohman, H., Muharram, A. P., Widitha, U. R. et al. (2022). Building an artificial intelligence-powered medical image recognition smartphone application: What medical practitioners need to know. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 32, 101017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2022.101017
- Mori, R., Okawa, M., Tokumaru, Y., Niwa, Y., Matsuhashi, N., Futamura, M. (2024). Application of an artificial intelligence-based system in the diagnosis of breast ultrasound images obtained using a smartphone. World Journal of Surgical Oncology, 22 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-023-03286-1
- Hameed, Q. A., Hussein, H. A., Ahmed, M. A., Salih, M. M., Ismael, R. D., Omar, M. B. (2022). UXO-AID: A New UXO Classification Application Based on Augmented Reality to Assist Deminers. Computers, 11 (8), 124. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11080124
- Interaktyvna mapa terytoriy, yaki potentsiyno mozhut buty zabrudneni vybukhonebezpechnymy predmetamy. State Emergency Service of Ukraine. Available at: https://mine.dsns.gov.ua/
- Bezpeka Info. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). Available at: https://courses.bezpeka.info/home
- Kalifa, I., Youssif, A., Adel, A. (2014). The Use of Mobile Technology for Detecting Landmines. International Journal of Computer Applications, 92 (5), 42–45. https://doi.org/10.5120/16008-5034
- Mobile Operating System Market Share Worldwide for 2023 year. Statcounter Global Stats. Available at: https://gs.statcounter.com/os-market-share/mobile/worldwide/2023
- C++ Framework. Qt. Available at: https://www.qt.io
- Open Neural Network Exchange. Available at: https://onnx.ai
- ONNX Runtime. Available at: https://onnxruntime.ai
- Redmon, J., Divvala, S., Girshick, R., Farhadi, A. (2016). You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detection. 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 779–788. https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2016.91
- Kunichik, O., Tereshchenko, V. (2023). Improving the accuracy of landmine detection using data augmentation: a comprehensive study. Artificial Intelligence, 28 (2), 42–54. https://doi.org/10.15407/jai2023.02.042
- Kunichik, O., Tereshchenko, V. (2024). Determining the effectiveness of using three-dimensional printing to train computer vision systems for landmine detection. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5 (1 (131)), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.311602
- Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). Available at: https://openssl.org
- Dwyer, B., Nelson, J., Solawetz, J. et al. (2022). Roboflow (Version 1.0) [Software]. Available at: https://roboflow.com
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Oleksandr Kunichik
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.
A license agreement is a document in which the author warrants that he/she owns all copyright for the work (manuscript, article, etc.).
The authors, signing the License Agreement with TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC, have all rights to the further use of their work, provided that they link to our edition in which the work was published.
According to the terms of the License Agreement, the Publisher TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC does not take away your copyrights and receives permission from the authors to use and dissemination of the publication through the world's scientific resources (own electronic resources, scientometric databases, repositories, libraries, etc.).
In the absence of a signed License Agreement or in the absence of this agreement of identifiers allowing to identify the identity of the author, the editors have no right to work with the manuscript.
It is important to remember that there is another type of agreement between authors and publishers – when copyright is transferred from the authors to the publisher. In this case, the authors lose ownership of their work and may not use it in any way.