Establishing the influence of sunflower oil quality indicators on the efficiency of the transesterification catalyst

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2025.344900

Keywords:

transesterification catalyst, potassium glyceroxide, chemical transesterification, sunflower oil, crystallization temperature

Abstract

The object of the study is the process of chemical transesterification of sunflower oil with increased mass fraction of moisture and acid value.

Transesterification technology allows obtaining fats with the necessary physico-chemical properties without changing the fatty acid composition. The problem of using alkaline catalysts is rapid deactivation under the influence of impurities present in the fatty raw material. The greatest influence is exerted by moisture and fatty acids.

Transesterification of sunflower oil with increased mass fraction of moisture and acid value in the presence of potassium glyceroxide, which is more resistant to deactivating impurities, was studied. Oil parameters: peroxide value 0.18 ½ O mmol/kg, acid value 0.08 mg KOH/g, mass fraction of moisture 0.05%, crystallization temperature –18.38°C.

Oil samples with mass fractions of moisture from 0.1 to 0.75% (obtained by adding water) were stored for two months under the following conditions: temperature (20±2) °C, air humidity not more than 70%. After storage, the acid value was measured in each sample and transesterification was performed. The efficiency of the process was assessed by the oil crystallization temperature.

The maximum values of oil indicators at which the potassium glyceroxide catalyst is effective were established: mass fraction of moisture 0.4%, acid value 0.28 mg KOH/g. At the same time, the crystallization temperature of sunflower oil is –3.95°C, which corresponds to the maximum increase in the crystallization temperature of oil as a result of transesterification.

The results obtained make it possible to effectively transesterify sunflower and other types of non-standard quality oils without preliminary treatment. This will reduce the cost of production and increase the profitability of enterprises (depending on the indicators of non-standard raw materials).

Author Biographies

Mykola Korchak, Higher Educational Institution "Podillia State University"

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Agricultural Engineering and System Engineering names Mykhaila Samokisha

Vladyslav Knysh, Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Department of Agro Resources

Anatolii Shostia, Poltava State Agrarian University

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher

Department of Production Technology Livestock Products

Svitlana Usenko, Poltava State Agrarian University

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher

Department of Animal Productivity Biology named after academician O.V. Kvasnytskyi

Yevgenia Hmelnitska, Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Commodity Research and Commercial Business

Zoja Rachynska, Poltava University of Economics and Trade

Department of Commodity Science, Biotechnology, Expertise, and Customs Affairs

Volodymyr Viaskov, Educational and Scientific Institute of Logistics of National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine

Department of Rocket and Artillery Weapons

Ivan Kostenko, O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv

PhD, Assistant

Department of Alternative Power Engineering and Electrical Engineering

Vita Glavatchuk, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University

PhD

Department of Technology of Breeding, Production and Processing of Small Animal Products

Sergii Zygin, Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics

Department of Design Automation

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Establishing the influence of sunflower oil quality indicators on the efficiency of the transesterification catalyst

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Published

2025-12-30

How to Cite

Korchak, M., Knysh, V., Shostia, A., Usenko, S., Hmelnitska, Y., Rachynska, Z., Viaskov, V., Kostenko, I., Glavatchuk, V., & Zygin, S. (2025). Establishing the influence of sunflower oil quality indicators on the efficiency of the transesterification catalyst. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 6(6 (138), 6–13. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2025.344900

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 6 (138) (2025): Technology organic and inorganic substances

Section

Technology organic and inorganic substances

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Copyright (c) 2025 Mykola Korchak, Vladyslav Knysh, Anatolii Shostia, Svitlana Usenko, Yevgenia Hmelnitska, Zoja Rachynska, Volodymyr Viaskov, Ivan Kostenko, Vita Glavatchuk, Sergii Zygin

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