Enhancing efficiency of nitrogen removal from wastewater in constructed wetlands

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2015.42451

Keywords:

wastewater treatment, constructed wetlands, nitrogen removal, process intensification, anammox

Abstract

This study contributes to the enhancement of nitrogen removal, as well as to the understanding of internal nitrogen transformation processes in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Constructed wetlands of this type are able to efficiently remove polluting organic materials, total suspended solids and pathogens from sewage, but nitrogen removal is usually of relatively low efficiency. However, constructed wetlands are a competitive sustainable alternative for conventional wastewater treatment technologies. The primary objective was to evaluate the influence of plants and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria on the treatment performance of the wetlands in order to improve the management of these systems. Laboratory-scale horizontal subsurface flow wetland mesocosms were set up in the specialized reactors. The experimental system consisted of three planted fixed bed reactors with a volume of 19.5 L and a surface area of 0.040 m2 each. Two of the reactors were planted with Juncus effusus and one was kept unplanted. All systems were fed with synthetic wastewater containing ammonium (NH4+)as a main contaminant. Hydraulic loading rate was fixed at 45 mm d-1. In accordance with the varying operational conditions, the total experimental period was divided into three phases. During the last phase of the experimental period one of the planted reactors was inoculated with an enrichment culture of anammox bacteria. In summary, experimental results have shown that prompting of anammox process by inoculation of externally enriched biomass could be of tremendous importance for increasing the effectiveness of nitrogen removal in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands.

Author Biographies

Oleksa Shved, Lviv Polytechnic National University 12 Bandery Str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine

graduate student

Department of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology

Romana Petrina, Lviv Polytechnic National University 12 Bandery Str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine

Associate professor, PhD

Department of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology

Veronika Chervetsova, Lviv Polytechnic National University 12 Bandery Str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine

Associate professor, Candidate of biological science

Department of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology

Volodymyr Novikov, Lviv Polytechnic National University 12 Bandery Str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine

Professor, Doctor of chemical sciences, Head of the department

Department of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology

References

  1. García, J., Rousseau, D. P. L., Morató, J., Lesage, E., Matamoros, V., Bayona, J. M. (2010). Contaminant Removal Processes in Subsurface-Flow Constructed Wetlands: A Review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 40 (7), 561–661. doi: 10.1080/10643380802471076
  2. Kadlec, R. H., Wallace, S. D. (2009). Treatment wetlands. Second edition. Boca Raton, Fl.: CRC Press, 1016.
  3. Vymazal, J. (2010). Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment. Water, 2 (3), 530–549. doi: 10.3390/w2030530
  4. Wu, S., Kuschk, P., Wiessner, A., Kästner, M., Pang, C., Dong, R. (2013). Response of Removal Rates to Various Organic Carbon and Ammonium Loads in Laboratory-Scale Constructed Wetlands Treating Artificial Wastewater. Water Environment Research, 85 (1), 44–53. doi: 10.2175/106143012x13415215907293
  5. Chen, Y.-C., Lo, S.-L., Lee, Y.-C. (2012). Distribution and fate of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in a pilot constructed wetland. Desalination and Water Treatment, 37 (1-3), 178–184. doi: 10.1080/19443994.2012.661270
  6. Rousseau, D. P. L., Vanrolleghem, P. A., De Pauw, N. (2004). Constructed wetlands in Flanders: a performance analysis. Ecological Engineering, 23 (3), 151–163. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.08.001
  7. Wu, M.-Y., Franz, E. H., Chen, S. (2001). Oxygen Fluxes and Ammonia Removal Efficiencies in Constructed Treatment Wetlands. Water Environment Research, 73 (6), 661–666. doi: 10.2175/106143001x143394
  8. Wiessner, A., Kappelmeyer, U., Kaestner, M., Schultze-Nobre, L., Kuschk, P. (2013). Response of ammonium removal to growth and transpiration of Juncus effusus during the treatment of artificial sewage in laboratory-scale wetlands. Water Research, 47 (13), 4265–4273. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.04.045
  9. Wallace, S., Austin, D. (2008). Emerging Models for Nitrogen Removal in Treatment Wetlands. Journal of Environmental Health, 71 (4), 10–16.
  10. Vymazal, J. (2007). Removal of nutrients in various types of constructed wetlands. Science of the Total Environment, 380 (1-3), 48–65. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.09.014
  11. Martin, J. F., Reddy, K. R. (1997). Interaction and spatial distribution of wetland nitrogen processes. Ecological Modelling, 105 (1), 1–21. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3800(97)00122-1
  12. Vymazal, J. (2009). The use constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-surface flow for various types of wastewater. Ecological Engineering, 35 (1), 1–17. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.08.016
  13. Vymazal, J., Kröpfelová, L. (2009). Removal of Nitrogen in Constructed Wetlands with Horizontal Sub-Surface Flow: A Review. Wetlands, 29 (4), 1114–1124. doi: 10.1672/08-216.1
  14. Tanner, C. C.; Wong, M. H. (Ed.) (2004). Nitrogen Removal Processes in Constructed Wetlands. Wetlands ecosystem in Asia: Function and management. Amsterdam . Oxford: Elsevier, 480. doi: 10.1016/b978-044451691-6/50021-1
  15. Wießner, A., Kuschk, P., Kästner, M., Stottmeister, U. (2002). Abilities of Helophyte Species to Release Oxygen into Rhizospheres with Varying Redox Conditions in Laboratory-Scale Hydroponic Systems. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 4 (1), 1–15. doi: 10.1080/15226510208500069
  16. Kappelmeyer, U., Wießner, A., Kuschk, P., Kästner, M. (2002). Operation of a Universal Test Unit for Planted Soil Filters – Planted Fixed Bed Reactor. Engineering in Life Sciences, 2 (10), 311–315. doi: 10.1002/1618-2863(20021008)2:10<311::aid-elsc311>3.0.co;2-9
  17. Shved, O., Dehestaniathar, S., Novikov, V. (2014). Anammox enrichment and constructed wetland inoculation for improvement of wastewater treatment performance. J Adv Environ Health Res, 2 (3), 189–195.

Downloads

Published

2015-06-17

How to Cite

Shved, O., Petrina, R., Chervetsova, V., & Novikov, V. (2015). Enhancing efficiency of nitrogen removal from wastewater in constructed wetlands. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3(6(75), 63–68. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2015.42451

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 6(75) (2015): Technology organic and inorganic substances. Ecology

Section

Ecology

License

Copyright (c) 2015 Oleksa Shved, Romana Petrina, Veronika Chervetsova, Volodymyr Novikov

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.

A license agreement is a document in which the author warrants that he/she owns all copyright for the work (manuscript, article, etc.).
The authors, signing the License Agreement with TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC, have all rights to the further use of their work, provided that they link to our edition in which the work was published.
According to the terms of the License Agreement, the Publisher TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC does not take away your copyrights and receives permission from the authors to use and dissemination of the publication through the world's scientific resources (own electronic resources, scientometric databases, repositories, libraries, etc.).
In the absence of a signed License Agreement or in the absence of this agreement of identifiers allowing to identify the identity of the author, the editors have no right to work with the manuscript.
It is important to remember that there is another type of agreement between authors and publishers – when copyright is transferred from the authors to the publisher. In this case, the authors lose ownership of their work and may not use it in any way.