THE PHENOMENON OF ANTIQUE PAIDEIA AS THE BACKGROUND FOR THE POLISH CULTURE OF PEDAGOGICS

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of the theoretical development of the pedagogical sub discipline «pedagogy of culture» in the Republic of Poland from the stand point of its origins from the historical heritage of antiquity. It is noted that in the pedagogy of culture, the basis of the upbringing of the human personality, based on the achievements of culture and its values, is founded on the ancient concepts – the Greek tradition of «paideia» (παιδεια) and Roman «humanism» (humanitas). The definitions of «paideia» of the scientists from different countries are analyzed, which unanimously indicate the general origin of the concepts «paidei» and «pedagogy» from the Greek word «рais» – a child, but they discuss the interpretation of the essence of the concept of «paideia» from the standpoint of education or culture, or the possibility to consider paideia to be a model of education. It was discovered that the concept of «paideia» appeared in ancient Greece and in the general interpretation it mean higher forms of educational activity and the formation of personality by means of culture and its values. The content of the fundamental notion of antiquity «paideia» as the synonym of culture, as a definite example of humanity, to which a person as a creative creature approaches, enriching his inner world through the perception of cultural values, is specified. It is motivated that the semantics of the Greek paideia with its educational subtext became one of the prerequisites for the further development of the meaning of the corresponding Latin word «humanism» and the historical problematic relationship between the Roman humanism and the Greek paideia is emphasized. The emphasis is given to the fact that these concepts form the basis of many modern sciences, including Polish pedagogy of culture. Thus, ensuring that people develop and enrich themselves, communicating with the values of culture, is considered the prerogative of education and upbringing in the pedagogy of culture.