Archetypes of the Cossack Era as the Basis of Ukrainian Mentality

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to investigate the influence of Cossack era archetypes on the formation of the Ukrainian mentality. The research methodology involves the application of an interdisciplinary approach and a comprehensive principle. The method of analysis and synthesis was used to investigate mentality and its components. To form a holistic understanding of archetypes, the method of systematisation was applied. The method of cultural analysis allowed for the examination of symbolic images, and the method of generalisation was used when summarising the research findings. The scientific novelty lies in conceptualising the significance of the Cossack era as a fundamental factor in the formation of basic national archetypes (warrior-defender, free individual, Cossack Mamay), which have become the basis of modern national identity and resistance. Conclusions. The Cossack era became a fundamental stage in the formation of the Ukrainian mentality, transforming the traditional peaceful archetype of the farmer into a dynamic ideal of the warrior-defender and the free individual. Thanks to the combination of individualism, knightly ethics, and the capacity for self-organisation, the Cossack period laid the foundation of the Ukrainian mentality as a deep conservative code of the nation. Cossackdom emerged not only as a military force but also as a unique cultural space where religiosity, cordocentrism (the philosophy of the heart), and legal consciousness synthesised into a value system, transforming Ukrainians into active bearers of a free spirit.