Sulfur and manganese formation modelling during continuous casting of converter rail steel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31498/2225-6733.32.2016.81866Keywords:
rail steel, computer simulation, MnS precipitatesAbstract
Rail steel production in oxygen converters is of particular interest nowadays. High requirements are imposed upon rail steel quality. The current work deals with one of the most important factors influencing the formation of manganese sulfide in converter rail steel. The thermodynamic calculations of rail steel crystallization at the cooling rate of 100 K/min. are given in the work. Computer simulation results are presented as graphs showing the separation of components, as well as curves showing the process of nonmetallic inclusions formation. It has been determined that chemical composition is the most important factor in the formation of non-metallic inclusions. Materials used for the rail steel production must meet the highest requirements as to the properties of materials, shape and durability. Non-metallic inclusions are one of the factors negatively influencing the strength of rail steel. The manganese sulfide precipitates during steel solidification as a result of segregation processes on the solidification front. One of the factors influencing the strength parameters of rail steel is sulphur, i.e. the main component of MnS. Sulphur is commonly considered to be a negative element in steel, except for the situation when it is purposefully added to improve its machinability. Computer simulation and theoretical analysis methods were used in this work. Computer simulation with the use of non-commercial software was used for the calculation of manganese and sulfur segregation in liquid steel during solidificationReferences
Miyake T. Influence of Sulphur Content and Molten Steel Flow on Entrapment of Bubbles to Solid/Liquid Interface / T. Miyake, M. Morishita, H. Nakata, M. Kokita // ISIJ International. – 2006. – Vol. 46, № 12. – Pр. 1817-1822.
Morita Z. Equilibria of nitride forming reactions in liquid iron alloys / Z. Morita, T. Tanaka, T. Yanai // Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B. – 1987. – Vol. 18, Issue 1. – Рp. 195-202.
Liu Z. Mathematical Model of Sulfide Precipitation on Oxides during Solidification of Fe-Si Alloy / Z. Liu, K. Gu, K. Cai // ISIJ International. – 2002. – Vol. 42, № 9. – Pр. 950-957.
Liu Z. A Coupled Mathematical Model of Microsegregation and Inclusion Precipitation during Solidification of Silicon Steel / Z. Liu, J. Wei, K. Cai // ISIJ International. – 2002. – Vol. 42, № 9. – Pр. 958-963.
Kobayashi S. Numerical Analysis of Solute Redistribution during Solidification Accompanying δ/γ Transformation / S. Kobayashi, T. Nagamichi, K. Gunji // Transactions ISIJ. – 1988. – Vol. 28. – Рp. 543-552.
Ma Z. Characteristics of Oxide Precipitation and Growth during Solidification of Deoxidized Steel / Z. Ma, D. Janke // ISIJ International. – 1998. – Vol. 38, № 1. – Pр. 46-52.
Liu C.D. Evaluation of fatigue-crack initiation at inclusions in fully pearlitic steels / C.D. Liu, M.N. Bassim, S.St. lawrence // Materials Science and Engineering A. – 1993. – № 167(1-2). – Рр. 107-113.
Hucińska J. Influence of sulphur on high temperature degradation of steel structures in the refinery industry / J. Hucińska // Advances in Materials Science. – 2006. – Vol. 6, № 1(9) – Рp. 16-25.
Kalisz D. Termodynamiczna charakterystyka powstawania fazy niemetalicznej w ciekłej stali / D. Kalisz. – Krakow : Akpait, 2013. – 375 s. (Pol.)
Modeling of MnS precipitation during the crystallization of grain oriented silicon steel / D. Kalisz [et al.] // Metalurgija. – 2015. – № 54(1). – Рp. 139-142.
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The journal «Reporter of the Priazovskyi State Technical University. Section: Technical sciences» is published under the CC BY license (Attribution License).
This license allows for the distribution, editing, modification, and use of the work as a basis for derivative works, even for commercial purposes, provided that proper attribution is given. It is the most flexible of all available licenses and is recommended for maximum dissemination and use of non-restricted materials.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain the copyright of their work and grant the journal the right of first publication under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). This license allows others to freely distribute the published work, provided that proper attribution is given to the original authors and the first publication of the work in this journal is acknowledged.
2. Authors are allowed to enter into separate, additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the work in the same form as published in this journal (e.g., depositing it in an institutional repository or including it in a monograph), provided that a reference to the first publication in this journal is maintained.
