Research into the biosorption process of heavy metal ions by the sediments from stations of biological iron removal

Authors

  • Alexander Kvartenko National University of Water and Environmental Engineering Soborna str., 11, Rivne, Ukraine, 33028, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5634-1128
  • Valery Orlov National University of Water and Environmental Engineering Soborna str., 11, Rivne, Ukraine, 33028, Ukraine
  • Oksana Pletuk National University of Water and Environmental Engineering Soborna str., 11, Rivne, Ukraine, 33028, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-4238

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.106961

Keywords:

biominerals, biosorption of ions of heavy metals, matrices of iron bacteria, sediment of iron-removal station

Abstract

 

The article considers the possibility of using the sediments from stations of biological iron removal for the biosorption of heavy metal ions (IHMs) from both natural groundwaters and washing waters of enterprises with galvanic cycles. The processes of extracting Zn2+ ions (up to 50 mg/dm3), Cu2+ (up to 16 mg/dm3), Ni2+ (up to 1.3 mg/dm3), Cr6+ (up to 2.0 mg/dm3) on the bacterial structures of iron bacteria consortia and the optimal parameters of passing this process are determined (for washing waters pH=8.5–9.0). The influence of constant magnetic field with intensity of 20–60 mT, as well as the influence of different kinds of sediments from stations of biological iron removal on the efficiency of the process of removing IHM have been investigated. A significant percentage of the removal of IHM using calcined precipitate (98 % for Cu2+, 97 % for Zn2+, 85 % for Ni2+) is due to the exoeffect that occurs at a wide temperature range of 200–400 ºС. In this case, there is a smooth decrease in the mass of the sediment, indicating the combustion of the organic component and the crystallization of the amorphous phase. As a result, goethite (a-FeOOH) and lepidocrocyte (g-FeOOH) are converted into hematite (a-Fe2O3) and magnetite (g-Fe2O3), which have magnetic properties. When using as a reagent a fresh sediment, active involvement in the process of adsorption of heavy metal ions is carried out by biominerals, cells and polymer matrices of iron bacteria that have a crystalline structure and a large specific surface. At the same time, the effectiveness of removing IHMs was, respectively: for Cu2+ 93 %; for Zn2+ 92 %; for Ni2+ 70 %.

The efficiency of one-, two- and three-stage water purification schemes have been investigated. It was established that using the three-stage scheme with hydromechanical mixers and water alkalinization to pH 9.0, the efficiency of IHM removal was: for Cu2+ up to 96 %; For Zn2+ up to 99 %; for Ni2+ up to 85 %. The X-ray spectral microanalysis of the sediment of the surface of the Gallioella bacterium case revealed the accumulation of IHM in the structure. The process of adsorption of IHM on the bacterial structures of consortia of iron bacteria due to their electrostatic bonding with both anionic surface of cell wall and with organic polymers isolated by cells of iron bacteria is substantiated.

Author Biographies

Alexander Kvartenko, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering Soborna str., 11, Rivne, Ukraine, 33028

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of water supply, water sewerage and drilling

Valery Orlov, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering Soborna str., 11, Rivne, Ukraine, 33028

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

Department of water supply, water sewerage and drilling

Oksana Pletuk, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering Soborna str., 11, Rivne, Ukraine, 33028

Engineer

Department of water supply, water sewerage and drilling

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Published

2017-08-22

How to Cite

Kvartenko, A., Orlov, V., & Pletuk, O. (2017). Research into the biosorption process of heavy metal ions by the sediments from stations of biological iron removal. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4(10 (88), 37–43. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.106961

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 10 (88) (2017): Ecology

Section

Ecology

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Copyright (c) 2017 Alexander Kvartenko, Valery Orlov, Oksana Pletuk

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