Revealing the features of the composition of the walnut shell from the point of view of the possibility of its use in the food industry

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.252315

Keywords:

walnut shell, physicochemical properties, phenolic acids, functional products, food additive, soft drink

Abstract

This paper considers ways of using walnut shells for food products. The study is based on three varieties of walnut as raw materials. Such physicochemical indicators as the shape, mass, thickness, kernel yield, fat, protein, ash, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and bioflavonoids have been investigated. The results showed that the walnut shell has a large, rounded, and round-ovoid shape. The weight of the shell ranges from 11.7 to 14.1 g, the thickness ‒ from 1.5 to 1.6 mm, the kernel yield ‒ from 45.7 to 48.8 %. The fat content ranges from 0.7 to 0.9 %, the protein content ‒ 2.4 to 2.5 %, the ash content ‒ from 1.6 to 1.7 %. The study of vitamins in the walnut shell showed that vitamin A is absent in the shell of all varieties of walnut. The content of the vitamin E ranges from 8.59 mg to 9.53 mg, the content of the vitamin C ‒ from 9.31 mg to 15.0 mg, and the content of β, carotene, ‒ from 0.053 to 0.070 mg. The studies have also shown a fairly rich amino acid composition of walnut shells. The results demonstrated that the shell of walnut contains a sufficient amount of daily intake of vitamins. The results of investigating mineral substances showed that the iodine content ranges from 5.52 μg to 14.81 μg, iron ‒ from 3.33 mg to 7.39 mg, and zinc ‒ from 3.1 mg to 6.9 mg. The content of quercetin in the shell of a walnut ranges from 0.945 mg to 1.51 mg, catechin ‒ from 2.46 mg to 12.07 mg, tannins ‒ from 611.32 mg to 805.62 mg. Based on the results of the analysis, it is planned in the future to devise technology for obtaining an extract that could be used as a food additive in a soft drink, enriching it with the missing nutritional components.

Supporting Agency

  • This study was carried out within the framework of the funded project of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. BP10764977-OT-21 "Using the non-traditional types of walnut waste for preventive purposes". In conclusion, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to all participants of this scientific project for their help and assistance in conducting experimental research. We also express our deep gratitude to the management and scientists at the Astana branch of Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry LLP for the assistance and support provided.

Author Biographies

Marzhan Kizatova, Astana Branch of Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry LLP

PhD, Head of Laboratory

Laboratory for Primary Processing of Vegetable Raw Materials

Madina Sultanova, Astana Branch of Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry LLP

Senior Research Fellow, Master

Laboratory for Primary Processing of Vegetable Raw Materials

Alibek Baikenov, Astana Branch of Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry LLP

Head of Laboratory, Master

Laboratory for Deep Processing of Crop Products

Aigerim Saduakas, Astana Branch of Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry LLP

Researcher

Laboratory for Primary Processing of Vegetable Raw Materials

Nurtore Akzhanov, Astana Branch of Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry LLP

Junior Researcher

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Published

2022-02-27

How to Cite

Kizatova, M., Sultanova, M., Baikenov, A., Saduakas, A., & Akzhanov, N. (2022). Revealing the features of the composition of the walnut shell from the point of view of the possibility of its use in the food industry. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 1(11(115), 49–55. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.252315

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Section

Technology and Equipment of Food Production