Using the gold bullion slag from Indonesia as lithium resources with HCL leaching method

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.273491

Keywords:

lithium extraction, gold bullion slag, acid leaching, secondary resources, ANOVA

Abstract

Primary resources are typically used in lithium extraction. Unfortunately, it impacts the dependency on the availability of primary resources to fulfill the lithium demand. Therefore, the use of secondary resources can be an alternative to using lithium resources. Gold bullion slag is an example of a potential secondary resource used as a lithium source because it contains 0.009 % lithium. This research aims at increasing lithium recovery from the gold bullion slag by studying the effects of various variables to enhance lithium recovery. Lithium extraction was carried out via HCl leaching process with concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 M at 25, 40, 55, and 70 °C for 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to examine lithium level, whereas scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was used to look over the morphology. The significance of the recovery value was analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimum variables to reach 98 % as the highest lithium recovery percentage are 1 M HCl at 55 °C for 60 minutes. ANOVA results on the acid concentration significance of the recovery value show that the p-value (0.001) is smaller than the alpha value (0.005). While, ANOVA results on the temperature and time significance of the recovery value show that the p-value (0.894) is greater than the alpha value (0.005) and p-value (0.9986) is greater than the alpha value (0.005), respectively. Analysis showed that variation in HCl concentration affected the lithium recovery value; however, temperature and time of leaching had an insignificant effect on lithium recovery. These data show that slag can be used as alternative resources to produce the lithium

Supporting Agency

  • The authors express their gratitude for the financial support of the Directorate of Research and Development Universitas Indonesia through PUTI (Publikasi Terindeks Internasional) Pascasarjana in 2022; the contract number is NKB-319/UN2.RST/HKP.05.00/2022.

Author Biographies

Nadia Natasha, University of Indonesia; National Research and Innovation Agency

Doctoral Student

Department of Metallurgy and Materials

Researcher

Research Center for Metallurgy

Ghina Rabbani, University of Indonesia

College Student

Department of Metallurgy and Materials

Nofrijon Sofyan, University of Indonesia

Doctor of Engineering

Department of Metallurgy and Materials

Johny Soedarsono, Johny Wahyuadi's Laboratory

Doctor of Engineering, Professor

Department of Metallurgy and Materials

Agus Prasetyo, National Research and Innovation Agency

Researcher

Research Center for Metallurgy

Ahmad Maksum, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta

Doctor of Engineering, Assistant Professor

Research Center for Eco-Friendly Technology

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Rini Riastuti, University of Indonesia

Doctor of Engineering, Associate Professor

Department of Metallurgy and Materials

Johny Wahyuadi's Laboratory

Isnanda Nuriskasari, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta

Lecturer

Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Using the gold bullion slag from Indonesia as lithium resources with HCL leaching method

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Published

2023-02-28

How to Cite

Natasha, N., Rabbani, G., Sofyan, N., Soedarsono, J., Prasetyo, A., Maksum, A., Riastuti, R., & Nuriskasari, I. (2023). Using the gold bullion slag from Indonesia as lithium resources with HCL leaching method. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 1(6 (121), 47–57. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.273491

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 6 (121) (2023): Technology organic and inorganic substances

Section

Technology organic and inorganic substances

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Copyright (c) 2023 Nadia Natasha, Ghina Rabbani, Nofrijon Sofyan, Johny Soedarsono, Agus Prasetyo, Ahmad Maksum, Rini Riastuti, Isnanda Nuriskasari

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