Research of the influence of decomposition of wastes of polymers with nano inclusions on the atmosphere

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.118213

Keywords:

waste nanomaterials, thermo-oxidative decomposition of polymer, atmospheric air, identification of toxic substances

Abstract

We studied the processes of thermo-oxidative decomposition of polymer synthetic waste material with nanoparticles on the example of one of widely spread polymers – synthetic nitron fiber.

We carried out a study on the migration of decomposition products and nanoparticles into the environment on a simulation model. We heated the nitronic fibrous material in the temperature range of 150...300 ºС in the presence of oxygen. We stretched the material under investigation until the appearance of fiber breaks. The time of the experiment varied from three to thirty minutes. The REM image of nitron nanofibres obtained by heating the material to 200 °C for 25 minutes demonstrates that fibers are densely packed nanothreads of different length with diameters from 50 to 150 nm. This indicates instability and fragility of the material obtained and the possibility of manifestation of quantum-dimensional effects.

We experimentally established gaseous substances, which were released during thermo-oxidative decomposition of polymers, and their concentration, depending on the process temperature on the example of a nitron. Thus, we can consider ammonia and hydrogen cyanide as substances-indicators of latent processes of combustion (smoldering) of materials in a body of a landfill. We need to have a high-precision method of gas analysis to prevent the development of an emergency, since the release of substances occurs already at 100 °C, but in low concentrations. We proposed a remote identification method with a use of a laser complex.

Author Biographies

Sergij Vambol, National University Of Civil Protection of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department

Department of Applied Mechanics

Viola Vambol, National University Of Civil Protection of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor

Department of Labour Protection and Technogenic and Ecological Safety

Igor Bogdanov, Berdyansk State Pedagogical University Schmidta str., 4, Berdyansk, Ukraine, 71100

Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Rector

Yana Suchikova, Berdyansk State Pedagogical University Schmidta str., 4, Berdyansk, Ukraine, 71100

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Vocational Education

Nina Rashkevich, National University Of Civil Protection of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Postgraduate student

Department of Applied Mechanics

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Published

2017-12-12

How to Cite

Vambol, S., Vambol, V., Bogdanov, I., Suchikova, Y., & Rashkevich, N. (2017). Research of the influence of decomposition of wastes of polymers with nano inclusions on the atmosphere. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 6(10 (90), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.118213

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 10 (90) (2017): Ecology

Section

Ecology

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Copyright (c) 2017 Sergij Vambol, Viola Vambol, Igor Bogdanov, Yana Suchikova, Nina Rashkevich

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