Establishing regularities of fire protection of wood by a composite coating with a biopolymer

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2025.332443

Keywords:

fire retardant composition, biopolymers, wood surface treatment, surface tension, coating swelling

Abstract

The object of this study is changes in the surface properties of wood during its treatment with a fire-retardant composite coating with the presence of biopolymers. The task, aimed at the production of environmentally friendly compositions obtained from natural and renewable sources for fire protection of wood and the application technology, is to ensure resistance to the action of high-temperature flames.

It has been proven that the fire-retardant composition with the presence of biopolymers is an accumulation of biological substances with nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardants, carbohydrates, and gas-forming substances, bordered by a polymer binder. Under the influence of thermal action, chemical reactions begin in the fire-retardant composition, ammonium polyphosphate decomposes and releases phosphoric acid. This, in turn, affects the destruction of the biopolymer and the dehydration of pentaerythritol with the formation of a large amount of hydrocarbons, and melamine causes the release of non-combustible gases, which induce the formation of foam coke.

A study of the surface energy characteristics of the fire-retardant composition with the presence of biopolymers was carried out and it was found that the polarity of the fire-retardant composition with the presence of biopolymers exceeds the value of untreated wood by 3.5 times, which provides effective treatment of the wood surface. According to the results of thermal exposure to the samples, it was found that under the action of the radiation panel, the fire-retardant composition swelled, when biopolymers such as wood flour and starch were added, the coke height increased by more than 15 mm, and the foam multiplicity increased by 1.2 times.

The practical significance is that the results were taken into account when designing a reactive coating for wood. Thus, there is reason to argue about the possibility of effective protection of wood with a fire retardant composition with the presence of biopolymers

Author Biographies

Yuriy Tsapko, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

Department of Environmental Protection Technologies and Labour Safety

Aleksii Tsapko, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture

PhD, Senior Researcher

Department of Building Materials

Ruslan Likhnyovskyi, Institute of Scientific Research on Civil Protection of the National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

PhD, Senior Research Fellow

Research and Testing Center

Kseniia Bielikova, Institute of Scientific Research on Civil Protection of the National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

Doctor of Public Administration Sciences, Professor

Research and Testing Center

Oksana Berdnyk, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Technology of Building Structures and Products

Andrii Gavryliuk, Lviv State University of Life Safety

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Civil Protection

Anna Borysova, Institute of Scientific Research on Civil Protection of the National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

PhD, Senior Research Fellow

Scientific Research Center of Civil Protection

Oleksandr Dotsenko, Institute of Scientific Research on Civil Protection of the National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

PhD

Scientific and Research Center for Regulatory and Technical Regulation

Maksym Haiduk, Emergency and Rescue Special Purpose of Head Office Detachment of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine in Khmelnytskyi Region

Specialist

Viacheslav Nesterenko, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture

PhD Student

Department of Environmental Protection Technologies and Labour Safety

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Establishing regularities of fire protection of wood by a composite coating with a biopolymer

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Published

2025-06-25

How to Cite

Tsapko, Y., Tsapko, A., Likhnyovskyi, R., Bielikova, K., Berdnyk, O., Gavryliuk, A., Borysova, A., Dotsenko, O., Haiduk, M., & Nesterenko, V. (2025). Establishing regularities of fire protection of wood by a composite coating with a biopolymer. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3(10 (135), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2025.332443

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 10 (135) (2025): Ecology

Section

Ecology

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Copyright (c) 2025 Yuriy Tsapko, Аleksii Tsapko, Ruslan Likhnyovskyi, Kseniia Bielikova, Oksana Berdnyk, Andrii Gavryliuk, Anna Borysova, Oleksandr Dotsenko, Maksym Haiduk, Viacheslav Nesterenko

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