Construction of a two-phase model for heating biological tissue and electrosurgical instruments with a split electrode

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2026.363988

Keywords:

electrosurgery, welding of living tissues, hemostasis, electrosurgical instruments, split electrode, ANSYS

Abstract

This study develops a two-phase model for heating biological tissue and electrosurgical instruments with a split electrode in the ANSYS program (USA). The distribution of voltage, temperature in the tissue and instruments depending on time and the thickness of the dielectric between the electrodes has been obtained. The dependences of the coagulation area of the parenchyma on the distance between the electrodes and voltage have been determined.

At a dielectric thickness of 3 mm, the tissue is heated to a maximum temperature of 100°C near the ends of the electrodes. Between the electrodes, the temperature decreases to 80–89°C. Coagulation of the tissue begins at a normal temperature of about 80°C. The coagulation zone has a semicircular shape with a width of 6–7 mm and a maximum depth of about 1–1.5 mm.

The resulting model makes it possible to determine the optimal thickness of the dielectric, voltage, and speed of movement of the instrument depending on the diameter of the electrodes and the properties of the tissue. For an electrode diameter of 6 mm, the optimal dielectric thickness is 2–3 mm, voltage – 20–30 V, average speed of movement – 20–30 mm/s. The greatest depth of coagulation and speed of movement of the tool can be obtained at an insulating washer thickness of 3 mm. If the hemostasis zone is within the surgeon's visibility, s/he manually adjusts the voltage and speed of movement of the tool. If the hemostasis zone is hidden from the surgeon, it is necessary to use automatic control systems.

The results are used for the design of electrosurgical tools and technologies

Author Biographies

Alexei Lebedev, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic University

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

Department of Biomedical Engineering

Vladyslav Shlykov, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic University

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

Department of Biomedical Engineering

Andrii Dubko, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic University

Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor

Department of Biomedical Engineering

Department of Welding and Related Technologies in Medicine and Ecology

Stanislav Popov, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic University

PhD Student

Department of Biomedical Engineering

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Construction of a two-phase model for heating biological tissue and electrosurgical instruments with a split electrode

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Published

2026-06-23

How to Cite

Lebedev, A., Shlykov, V., Dubko, A., & Popov, S. (2026). Construction of a two-phase model for heating biological tissue and electrosurgical instruments with a split electrode. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3(5 (141), 36–43. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2026.363988

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 5 (141) (2026): Applied physics

Section

Applied physics

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Copyright (c) 2026 Alexei Lebedev, Vladyslav Shlykov, Andrii Dubko, Stanislav Popov

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