Influence of flooded foam jets’ motion parameters on subsurface extinguishing of fires in tanks with petroleum products

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.206032

Keywords:

petroleum products, tank fires, subsurface extinguishing, foam concentrate

Abstract

One of the safest ways to extinguish fires in tanks with petroleum and petroleum products is subsurface extinguishing. For this mode, a foam concentrate with fluorinated stabilisers is used, the aqueous solution of which is able to spread and cover the surface of petroleum and petroleum products with a thin film. The article presents a mathematical model of the movement of a flooded non-free foam jet in a motor fuel medium, which adequately describes the real physical processes that occur during subsurface fire extinguishing in vertical steel tanks. The motion parameters of flooded low-foam foam jets in a tank with motor fuel were determined as those that would be optimal for transporting foam through the thickness of the fuel to its surface. It was specified that the movement of the flooded foam jet is characterised by a significant attenuation (from 36 to 1.5 m/s) of the initial velocity with its subsequent increase due to Archimedes’ principle. High values of the initial velocity of the jet lead to destruction of the foam and, accordingly, worsen fire extinguishing. A decrease in the initial velocity of the foam jet at a given flow rate should be carried out by increasing the corresponding number of foam jets with an initial velocity in the range from 2 to 3 m/s. Foam jets should be placed around a circle of a radius at which their mutual influence would be preserved, and the velocity of the combined foam jet should not exceed the maximum values recommended for a particular foam concentrate (3–5 m/s). It helps to improve the stability of the movement of the combined jet, to decrease the destruction of the foam during its movement, and to prevent the movement of the fuel to the combustion surface. The decisions made upon the implementation of the mathematical model are fully consistent with the results obtained during the experimental tests on extinguishing a class B model fire in a designed unit as a reduced version of the RVS-5000 tank.

Author Biographies

Tetiana Voitovych, Lviv State University of Life Safety Kleparivska str., 35, Lviv, Ukraine, 79007

Adjunct

Department of Emergencies Recovery

Vasyl Kovalyshyn, Lviv State University of Life Safety Kleparivska str., 35, Lviv, Ukraine, 79007

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department

Department of Emergencies Recovery

Yaroslav Novitskyi, Lviv Polytechnic National University S. Bandery str.,12, Lviv, Ukraine, 79013

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Technical Mechanics and Dynamics of Machines

Dmytro Voytovych, Lviv State University of Life Safety Kleparivska str., 35, Lviv, Ukraine, 79007

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Fire Tactics and Emergency Rescue Operations

Pavlo Pastukhov, Lviv State University of Life Safety Kleparivska str., 35, Lviv, Ukraine, 79007

PhD, Researcher

Laboratory of Fire Safety Research

Volodymyr Firman, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv Universytetska str., 1, Lviv, Ukraine, 79000

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Life Safety

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Published

2020-06-30

How to Cite

Voitovych, T., Kovalyshyn, V., Novitskyi, Y., Voytovych, D., Pastukhov, P., & Firman, V. (2020). Influence of flooded foam jets’ motion parameters on subsurface extinguishing of fires in tanks with petroleum products. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3(10 (105), 6–17. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.206032

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 10 (105) (2020): Ecology

Section

Ecology

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Copyright (c) 2020 Tetiana Voitovych, Vasyl Kovalyshyn, Yaroslav Novitskyi, Dmytro Voytovych, Pavlo Pastukhov, Volodymyr Firman

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