Experimental study of electrical conductivity of slags used in special electrometallurgy (SEM)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31498/2225-6733.42.2021.240586Keywords:
flux, slag, melting, temperature, chemical composition, electrical conductance, crucible, measurementAbstract
The development of the metallurgical industry of Ukraine largely depends on the export of special high-quality steels, which are obtained by special electrometallurgy. The quality of the metal obtained by such methods (primarily by the ESR method) is determined by the properties of the flux based on CaF2, from which liquid slag is formed during melting. Slag serves as a source of heat, as well as an environment in which the inclusions contained in the metal and harmful impurities are removed by chemical reaction or dissolution. Affecting the slag can affect not only the chemical composition but also the structure of the ingot. In general, these slags must not only have a high refining capacity, but also meet a number of other requirements, which in practice often come into conflict. In each case it is necessary to choose such slag which will meet the most important requirements, first of all has optimum electric conductivity. In order to use slags of rational chemical composition, experimental studies of the electrical conductivity of some slags used in SEM processes were performed. The work used an experimental setting, using a sensor of the original design. The measuring ring, which is immersed in a crucible with liquid slag, is made of a nitridescent cylinder, into which a thermocouple and tungsten electrodes are inserted to measure electrical conductivity. The measurements were performed using alternating current with a frequency of 400 Hz. The obtained experimental results correspond well to the literature data on fluxes with a chemical composition close to the studied ones and to the calculation data according to the empirical formula recommended in the literature. The results of the performed researches allow to recommend for industrial use fluxes AN-14 and AN-15, which, in addition, contain a small amount of fusible harmful feldspar
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