On the way to decarbonization of the world economy. Global warming. UN climate conferences
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31498/2225-6733.45.2022.276242Keywords:
climate, ecology, global warming, energy crisis, greenhouse gases, emission, fuel, Paris Agreement, Kyoto Protocol, decarbonization, UN climate conferencesAbstract
The paper considers the causes and consequences of climate change on planet Earth. Including global warming and the need to switch to alternative energy sources, as well as the decarbonization of various industries. It is shown that the main causes of global warming are human activities and the use of fossil fuels as energy carriers. The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is closely related to the problems of changing the structure of the energy sector in almost all countries of the world. Listed are international organizations that deal with climate problems and monitor changes in temperature and the content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere of the planet. The work of these organizations based on UN climate conferences in the period 1992 to 2022 to develop solutions aimed at the decarbonization of the main industries and, above all, energy is analyzed. It is shown that the Paris Agreement is a key element of the multilateral climate process. It is the first ever legally binding document that unites countries in the pursuit of a common goal of combating and adapting to climate change. At COP-26 in 2021, a climate package was signed, which confirmed the main goal of limiting global warming to only 1.5°C. Many promises have been made regarding the use of new technologies and renewable energy sources, improving the energy efficiency of old equipment. According to scientists' forecasts, climate changes will increase in all regions of the planet in the coming decade. Emissions of greenhouse gases as a result of human activity were and remain the main causes of global warming. However, after the start of the war in Ukraine, much of what most countries previously agreed to became unfeasible. The war changed the political and economic outlook, and global inflation escalated. The energy crisis has arrived. According to IPCC experts, 2022 has become a year of stagnation and a departure from previously chosen positions. It is shown that war can make some countries think about energy self-sufficiency and saving energy resources. These issues were discussed at the climate conference COP-27 in Egypt. Among the issues discussed at COP-27, the main one was the decarbonization of the energy system
References
Неверова А. Эксперты: Последствия изменения климата все более драматичны [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://www.dw.com/ru/%D0%B5%D0%BAsperty-posledstvia-izmenenia-klimata-vse-bolee-dramaticny/a-63663731
Global Warming of 1.5°C [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15.
Global Monitoring Laboratory – Carbon Cycle Greenhouse Gases [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/carbontracker
Глобальное потепление связано с деятельностью человека и происходит с беспрецедентной скоростью. Новости ООН [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://news.un.org/ru/story/2021/08/1407862
Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://climate.nasa.gov
Средняя температура по Земле снижается второй год подряд – NASA (ИНФОГРАФИКА) [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://racurs.ua/n117837-srednyaya-temperatura-po-zemle-snijaetsya-vtoroy-god-podryad-nasa-infografika.html
Какой была Земля 3 миллиарда лет назад? [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://planetariodevitoria.org/ru/espaco/como-era-o-planeta-terra-ha-3-5-bilhoes-de-anos.html
Overview of Greenhouse Gases [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gases
Global Carbon Budget [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://www.icos-cp.eu/science-and-impact/global-carbon-budget
Statistical Review of World Energy [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy.html
World Bank Group - International Development, Poverty, & Sustainability [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://www.worldbank.org/en/home
Киотский протокол к Рамочной конвенции Организации Объединенных Наций об изменении климата – Конвенции и соглашения – Декларации, конвенции, соглашения и другие правовые материалы [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/kyoto.shtml
United Nations Climate Change. What is the Kyoto Protocol? [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol
Кепински О. История конференций ООН по климату [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://ru.euronews.com/2021/11/01/ru-25-1-cop-summits-history
Глобальный экологический фонд – ГЭФ [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/ru/concept/3688
United nations. Report of the Conference of the Parties on the second part of its sixth session, held at Bonn from 16 to 27 July 2001 [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://unfccc.int/documents/2202
Канкун-2010: конференция ООН по изменению климата [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://caneecca.org/kankun-2010
United Nations. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its twenty-first session, held in Paris from 30 November to 13 December 2015 [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/docs/2015/cop21/eng/10a01.pdf
Paris Agreement | Department of Economic and Social Affairs [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://sdgs.un.org/frameworks/parisagreement
United Nations. The Paris Agreement | United Nations [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/paris-agreement
Paris Climate Agreement: Everything You Need to Know [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://www.nrdc.org/stories/paris-climate-agreement-everything-you-need-know
United Nations. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its twenty-fifth session, held in Madrid from 2 to 15 December 2019 [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/cp2019_13E.pdf
UN climate change conference [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://unfccc.int/conference/un-climate-change-conference-december-2019
В Мадриде открылась 25-я климатическая конференция ООН [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://p.dw.com/p/3U5Eg
Harrisson T. COP25: Key outcomes agreed at the UN climate talks in Madrid. Carbon Brief [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://www.carbonbrief.org/cop25-key-outcomes-agreed-at-the-un-climate-talks-in-madrid
Владимиров В. Климатический саммит в Глазго: мировые лидеры анонсируют планы по спасению планеты [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://www.golosameriki.com/a/climate-summit-in-glasgow/6296312.html
Конференция ООН по изменению климата – DW [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://www.dw.com/ru/konferencija-oon-po-izmeneniju-klimata/t-41260914
UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) at the SEC – Glasgow 2021 [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://ukcop26.org
Луконин С.А. Китай: декарбонизация экономики и следование принципам ESG / С.А. Луконин, Б.А. Аносов // Федерализм. – 2021. – № 3. – С. 192-205. – Режим доступу: https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2021-3-192-205
Глущенко А. Медленно, но верно: как скоро декарбонизируется мир [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://blog.liga.net/user/aglushchenko/article/38013
Chernytska T. US Alternative power engineering in Global Challenges / T. Chernytska, Yu. Novosad // International Economic Policy. – 2019. – № 2(29). – С. 75-108. – Mode of access: https://doi.org/10.33111/iep.2018.29.04
Всемирный банк предупредил о высоком риске глобальной рецессии [Електронний ре-сурс]. – Режим доступу: https://minfin.com.ua/2023/01/08/98662782
Год войны и энергетического и климатического кризисов [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/год-войны-и-энергетического-и-климатического-кризисов_ru?s=223
Конференция в Шарм-эш-Шейхе: что нужно знать, чтобы «не заблудиться» на встрече ООН по климату [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: https://news.un.org/ru/story/2022/10/1434097
COP27: What you need to know about this year’s big UN Climate Conference [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://unsdg.un.org/latest/stories/cop27-what-you-need-know-about-years-big-un-climate-conference
COP26 and COP27 Climate Champions Set out Plan for 2022 [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: https://unfccc.int/news/cop26-and-cop27-climate-champions-set-out-plan-for-2022
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Journal "Reporter of the Priazovskyi State Technical University. Section: Technical sciences" is published under license CC-BY (License "Attribution").This license allows you to distribute, edit, correct and take work as a basis for derivatives, even on a commercial basis with an indication of authorship. It is the most convenient of all the proposed license. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of his work and pass the journal right of first publication of the work under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to freely distribute the work published with the obligatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.
2. The authors have the right to enter into separate supplemental agreements relating to the non-exclusive dissemination of works in the form in which it was published in the journal (for example, to place the work in the institution, or to publish a monograph as part of an electronic store), while maintaining links to the first publication of the work in this magazine.
