Spatial navigation device for people with disabilities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31498/2225-6733.49.2.2024.321352Keywords:
visual impairment, assistive devices, spatial navigation, Arduino UNO, rangefinder, APDS-9960, Tinkercad, Arduino IDE, CAbstract
The article discusses the creation of a prototype of a spatial navigation device for people with disabilities, namely severe visual impairment or blindness. Hardware implementation of the prototype was carried out using TinkerCAD automated design and 3D modelling. The software is created in the Arduino IDE development environment. The publications considered in the work showed that people with visual impairments can get autonomous access to important information thanks to the integration of modern technologies, which contributes to increasing their confidence, mobility and social activity. Providing easy access to texts, educational materials and digital information about the environment helps build a sense of independence and empowerment. Advances in assistive technology provide visually impaired people with up-to-date information about their surroundings, which helps improve navigation and increase safety. Some of the existing systems take into account social aspects, in particular the problems associated with the recognition of familiar faces without the use of auditory or tactile signals. This comprehensive approach not only improves navigational capabilities, but also contributes to enriching the social well-being and safety of visually impaired communities. Therefore, the development of a system capable of helping people with visual impairments in spatial navigation is an urgent topic and an important step in creating social equality. The main components of the developed device are the Arduino UNO hardware platform, HC-SR04 ultrasonic rangefinders, APDS-9960 digital sensor and active piezo elements. The control program created in the Arduino IDE ensures high efficiency of the interaction of sensors with the microcontroller. This prototype is capable of working in two modes: mainly – when safe distances to obstacles are determined and the mode of determining colors based on the RGB component. The device takes into account anatomical features, such as height - for this, a calibration button is placed on the body. Thanks to piezo elements, interaction with the user is carried out in the form of a sound signal with a certain height, frequency and duration
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