Construction of the algorithm for assessing the environmental safety of galvanic sludges

Authors

  • Vita Datsenko Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University Yaroslava Mudroho str., 25, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8331-8863
  • Natali Khimenko Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaiev p/o “Dokuchaevske-2”, Kharkiv dist., Kharkiv reg., Ukraine, 62483, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8811-8876
  • Lilua Egorova Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University Yaroslava Mudroho str., 25, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-6335
  • Yana Svishchova Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaiev p/o “Dokuchaevske-2”, Kharkiv dist., Kharkiv reg., Ukraine, 62483, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5358-8624
  • Оleksandr Dubyna Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaiev p/o “Dokuchaevske-2”, Kharkiv dist., Kharkiv reg., Ukraine, 62483, Ukraine
  • Olena Budvytska Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaiev p/o “Dokuchaevske-2”, Kharkiv dist., Kharkiv reg., Ukraine, 62483, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6712-2833
  • Nina Lyubymova Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture Alchevskykh str., 44, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8964-7326
  • Volodymyr Pasternak Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky Pushkinska str., 86, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61024, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1346-1968
  • Ludmila Pusik Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture Alchevskykh str., 44, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-2771

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.188251

Keywords:

algorithm, industrial waste, galvanic sludge, sanitary and toxicological properties, environmental safety

Abstract

Based on the developed algorithm, the sanitary and toxicological properties have been assessed in the system "Galvanic sludge ‒ natural object" using model copper-zinc sludge.

The following minerals containing heavy metal ions have been identified in galvanic sludge: ZnSO4∙H2O, ZnSO4∙7H2O, Cu3(OH)4(SO4), (Zn3.2Cu0.8)(SO4)(OH)6∙4Н2О, which could, at a long-term interaction with the environment, form easily soluble toxic compounds. It has been established that the process of neutralizing sulfate copper-zinc solutions with lime milk proceeds in two stages: the formation of semi-aquatic and two-water gypsum; heavy metal compounds. The water-migration activity of the Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions has been investigated, which are included in the galvanic sludge composition. It has been proven that of the two metals examined, the Zn2+ cations contribute more to the negative impact on environmental objects than the Cu2+ cations. Patterns in the distribution and migration of heavy metal ions in soils after contamination by galvanic sludge have been investigated. It has been established that the intensity of transformation of Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions from galvanic sludge to soil is defined by the soil type and the physical and chemical properties of the metals themselves. The correlation between the mobility of heavy metal ions and soil acidity has been investigated. For Zn2+, maximum mobility is observed in soils whose pH is ≈7. For Cu2+, mobility in neutral or alkaline soils is lower than that in acidic soils. The basic quantitative indicators of the potential phytotoxicity of galvanic sludge have been determined: germination, energy, friendliness and duration of germination of test plant seeds. It has been shown that the joint effect of Cu2+ and Zn2+ manifests itself both in the inhibition and stimulation of the growth processes of test plants and is determined, first of all, by the biological specificity of the test culture itself, as well as the properties of soil and the degree of its pollution.

The sequence of studies reported in this work makes it possible to predict the danger of galvanic sludge to the natural environment. It could also be used by environmental and design organizations in agricultural-ecological monitoring

Author Biographies

Vita Datsenko, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University Yaroslava Mudroho str., 25, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Technology of Road-Building Materials and Chemistry

Natali Khimenko, Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaiev p/o “Dokuchaevske-2”, Kharkiv dist., Kharkiv reg., Ukraine, 62483

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of General Chemistry

Lilua Egorova, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University Yaroslava Mudroho str., 25, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Technology of Road-Building Materials and Chemistry

Yana Svishchova, Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaiev p/o “Dokuchaevske-2”, Kharkiv dist., Kharkiv reg., Ukraine, 62483

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of General Chemistry

Оleksandr Dubyna, Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaiev p/o “Dokuchaevske-2”, Kharkiv dist., Kharkiv reg., Ukraine, 62483

PhD

Department of General Chemistry

Olena Budvytska, Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaiev p/o “Dokuchaevske-2”, Kharkiv dist., Kharkiv reg., Ukraine, 62483

Department of General Chemistry

Nina Lyubymova, Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture Alchevskykh str., 44, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

Department of Аgrotekhnology and Ecology

Volodymyr Pasternak, Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky Pushkinska str., 86, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61024

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor

Laboratory of Forest Monitoring & Certification

Ludmila Pusik, Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture Alchevskykh str., 44, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor

Department of technologies of processing of food production named after T. P. Yevsiukova

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Published

2019-12-20

How to Cite

Datsenko, V., Khimenko, N., Egorova, L., Svishchova, Y., Dubyna О., Budvytska, O., Lyubymova, N., Pasternak, V., & Pusik, L. (2019). Construction of the algorithm for assessing the environmental safety of galvanic sludges. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 6(10 (102), 42–48. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.188251

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 10 (102) (2019): Ecology

Section

Ecology

License

Copyright (c) 2019 Vita Datsenko, Natali Khimenko, Lilua Egorova, Yana Svishchova, Оleksandr Dubyna, Olena Budvytska, Nina Lyubymova, Volodymyr Pasternak, Ludmila Pusik

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