No. 37
Published:
2019-09-26
Статті
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Risk management as a component of the financial security management system in enterprise.
The article considers the risk management system, as a component of the general enterprise management system, ensures the financial security of the enterprise. The essential characteristic of risk management is given, its objectives and goals of implementation at the enterprise are determined. The basis of the study is a set of theoretical, methodological and practical issues of the process of building a risk management system in an enterprise. The authors found that in today's economic realities it is necessary to move to a new risk management model. The authors proposed to carry out the process of building a risk management system in several successive stages. The first stage is the organization and development of a common risk management policy; the second stage is risk identification; the third stage is the assessment of risks and the results of their impact on the business of the enterprise; the fourth stage - the development of risk management techniques; the fifth stage is the formation of a monitoring and control system. For each of the stages of risk management, a specific basis on which the entire risk management system is built. The authors concluded that risk management does not give every minute result and is aimed at a long-term nature and gaining additional competitive advantages in the future.
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Theoretical and methodological foundations of product quality management at industrial enterprises.
In conditions of high competitiveness of the economy and the integration of industrial enterprises, increasing requirements for the development of market relations oriented towards competitiveness, both in the domestic and world markets, a fundamental change is taking on universal quality management, which ensures the achievement of the required level of quality of products in accordance with all world requirements and domestic standards, GSTU, GOSTs and continuous improvement in regulatory documents. A high level of scientific achievements and a correctly developed production management system makes it possible to form a new approach to high quality products at industrial enterprises of Ukraine. To achieve high results in product quality, it is necessary to pursue an active and reasonable state policy as a product. Regulatory documents that ensure product quality in modern market conditions require enterprises to take a more thoughtful and deeper approach to quality management issues, and require the involvement of material and human resources in the process of manufacturing quality products at industrial enterprises. Quality management is the main priority for achieving the main goals of the enterprise. Therefore, the leaders of industrial enterprises of Ukraine should be interested in improving the quality of products and improve the management of production processes for the development of a quality management system. Ukrainian enterprises are trying to gradually move to world standards, but this is a complex and long period that requires time and effort, requires the study and use of the experience of leading industrial enterprises of the world, facilitated by the growth in recent years, the volume of information on various quality management issues. But copying by Ukrainian industrial enterprises of the methods and mechanisms of quality management can lead to a serious complication of the economic situation of enterprises, all internal and external factors affecting the quality in Ukraine must be taken into account. Updated scientific and economic approaches to quality require the creation of effective management of organizational development in the quality system, taking into account the characteristics of the industry, enterprise, region, at the level of organizational behavior, also taking into account all factors. Quality management for this period has different approaches and directions.
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Practical aspects of business administration of process of environmental management in Ukraine and Poland.
The article shows that environmental policy is one of the most important factors for sustainable development of the state. The essence of problems between society and nature is determined by the ever-increasing need for social production in natural resources and the progressive deterioration of human life. Environmental business management is just one of the slices, or aspects of a broader problem that is about streamlining the economy, and the primary entity at which the problem is to be addressed is the environmental enterprise. This issue was addressed through the example of the nature management mechanism in Poland. A comparative analysis of current environmental practices in Poland and Ukraine was conducted. The essence of natural resources has been identified as an object of management of rational environmental management. The basic mechanisms of natural resource management were identified. It should be noted that a feature of the conceptual development of the deployment of productive forces is a high focus on the needs of practice. The current stage of the formation of state regional policy is focused on the effective use of the internal potential of the territory and the formation of a new institutional structure and its implementation at the regional level. By means of comparative analysis, the state-legal mechanism of environmental protection in Ukraine and Poland was compared. Such analysis helps to reveal the effective and ineffective tendencies of nature management, which proposes to transform the results of the analysis with consideration of Ukrainian peculiarities in the management of natural resources in order to improve the level of administration of environmental management processes in Ukraine, which will undoubtedly positively affect the relationship between the community and nature. Recommendations were given on the use of a range of instruments, both administrative and especially economic in nature, which enhance the effectiveness of state regulation in the field of environmental management and ensure the environmental security of regional development.
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Creation an innovative mechanism of tariffing for the marine industry enterprises.
The authors investigated the concept of economic mechanism and highlighted the key tools for implementing effective management decisions at maritime transport enterprises. The authors considered the problem of formation of the level of port charges at the enterprises of maritime transport. The author has developed the author's innovative tariff formation mechanism in order to modernize the existing approaches to the modern tariff formation system, the mechanism has an extended systematic list of key elements. The authors analyzed and formed the list of functions of the SE "Administration of Seaports of Ukraine", functions performed by the collection of port dues. The new tariff formation mechanism is based on the key components: general information, regulatory framework, tariff budgeting, technical operation. The authors analyzed and systematized that the following information should be included in the general information: state and sectoral construction standards, resource standards for the operation of the modern dredging fleet and indicators of socio-economic development of the country; The following should be attributed to the base of distribution and preferences: the exchange rate, the processing of cargoes along the waters of the seaport, the weight capacity of seagoing vessels, and the basic system of preferences. In their work, the authors summarized the regulatory framework presented by the following legal acts: the Law of Ukraine "On Seaports", the decrees and orders of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. It was rather systematic that the list of elements of technical operation should include the elements: register and database of hydraulic structures, technical inspection, navigation hydrographic support. It was analyzed that the creation of an innovative tariff formation mechanism is crucial for the economic task of calculating tariffs for Ukrainian seaports. The use of copyright developments will be an effective impetus for the transformation of the tariff system in maritime transport enterprises, taking into account the technical and economic features of the functioning of strategic objects of the port infrastructure.
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Prerequisites for forming a strategy for sustainable development of the tourist services market in Ukraine.
The purpose of the article is to determine the main aspects of forming a strategy for sustainable development of the tourist services market, which will ensure the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy in modern conditions. The course of modernization involves the rationalization of the spatial organization of Ukrainian tourism and the effective transformation of its management system. The main purpose of the article is to monitor the implementation of the development strategy and to compare the results in terms of achieving the set goals. The dynamics of development of the tourist services market and structural changes in it, employment of the population, solving other social problems (level and quality of life, development of tourism infrastructure) are substantiated. Measures in the field of ecology, support of science, etc. are considered. The methodology of the European Expert Service Tacis EES is used, which must be tied to the conditions of Ukraine for the preparation of a strategy for the sustainable development of the tourist services market. It is proposed to use a methodological approach to the development of prerequisites for the formation of a strategy for sustainable development of the tourist services market of Ukraine. The article is based on the theory of jointly separated stages, recognition of tourism as a complex integrated human sphere, necessity of development of the market of tourist services in the conditions of fatigue.
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A study of the position of Ukraine in international innovation rankings.
The key to sustainable economic development in modern market conditions with the continuous growth of customer needs and competition for the best position in the market is to ensure the innovative orientation of enterprises, long-term assistance to the country's economic, social and cultural growth. That is why most developed countries choose the intensive path of development, which is carried out by the leading role of scientific and technological progress and the accumulation of intellectual capital. Today in Ukraine, an extensive type of development can be traced, which to some extent is combined with intensive. In order for the state to switch to a predominantly intensive development path, it is necessary to create conditions for improving innovation and investment activity. To assess the current state of innovation in the country, the paper presents the results of an analysis of international innovation ratings. A comparison of innovative indicators of Ukraine and countries that are actively realizing their innovative potential has been carried out. It has been revealed that the leading countries in these indices occupy leading positions in the ranking of countries in terms of gross national income per capita. It has been proved that the existing financial mechanism for stimulating innovation in Ukraine is rather passive, which is reflected in a decrease in the share of the volume of sold innovative products, the slow pace of the introduction of new technologies, especially material and energy saving. The value of the innovative factor of the country's development for successful integration into the European economic community has been substantiated. The necessity of introducing innovations at industrial enterprises of Ukraine has been considered. The analysis shows that the most important aspect for maintaining competitive positions in the modern market is to increase the country's innovative activity. In order to increase the efficiency of the entire scientific, technical and innovation system of Ukraine and implement effective reforms to overcome negative phenomena in the economy, it has been proposed to develop a national anti-crisis strategy, one of the directions of which will be to increase the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy and strengthen its innovative character.
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The problem of development of restaurant business in the context of world trends (on the example of the city of Mariupol).
The article describes the current problems and barriers to the development of the restaurant business in Ukraine. Prospects of development of the domestic market of restaurant services are shown. The world tendencies of development of restaurant business typical for Ukraine are presented. Global trends are determined on the basis of an analysis of the specialization of well-known restaurants in Europe and Japan. The development of gourmet tourism as a world trend is exemplified by the examples of the city of Mariupol. The tendency of development of national cuisine as a component of hospitality in the service sphere is considered. The basis of modern development of national cuisine is the introduction of the author's hospitality technologies. The author bases the author's hospitality technologies on the world principles of gastronomic culture. The features of national gastronomic culture of restaurant facilities have been analyzed. The given analysis was conducted on the basis of rating of establishments of restaurant economy of Ukraine. The characteristic principles of the domestic gastronomic culture of the restaurants are distinguished. These include the following principles: the principle of using local products, the principle of the availability of the author's cuisine, the principle of creative approach to cooking, the principle of having a seasonal menu, the principle of product quality on the "freshest" indicator, the principle of affordability in price policy; principle of application of high technologies in cooking. Features of Greek cuisine of restaurants are presented. The principles of Greek hospitality are systematized based on the analysis of its gastronomic culture. The principles of Greek gastronomic culture are defined: the principle of simplicity of cooking, the principle of quality of products according to the "freshest", the principle of using local products, the principle of achieving the diversity of flavors of national products, the principle of obligation of spices, the principle of meal time, the principle of family. The study found that the city of Mariupol is the spiritual, cultural center of the Azov Greeks. Features of the national cuisine of the Azov Greeks are presented in the restaurants of the city of Mariupol. There are differences between the Greek gastronomic culture and the gastronomic culture of the Azov Greeks. The stated conditionality of these differences is the historical, cultural and climatic features of the development of Greek national cuisine in the restaurants of the city of Mariupol. -
Analysis of the global level of the banking system readiness for the implementation of the open banking concept.
This research main goal is to give an a vision of current state of Electronic Banking with analysis of the modern state of Open Banking and Open application programming interface (API) initiative. The tectonic shifts in regulation from Central banks and governments digitalisation strategy required from financial institutions to became more technologically ready to comply with licensing. This face banks and financial institutions with a new type of technological challenges which recently wasn't part of regular banks routine and now banks should adopt. Different regions and countries have own regulations and strategies how banking and payments sector should adopt. For example, in Europe each bank must apply a numbers of new software services which was never available for third party companies before. It gives a boost to overall banking and payments software industry to meet the demand of the market. Many other developed countries also have own initiatives for the banking sector similar to PSD2 but with own perspective, timing for implementation and features lists. Standardization and unifications of API’s and messaging between financial organization represented in ISO 20022 and main browsers integrated payments API also a huge step forward for integrators, service providers and software development teams. The results of this research represent current stage of readiness of banking and payment industry to new regulations requirements. Banks and Financial institutions must dramatically change their current business model and initiate completely new departments which makes bank more open from technological point of as never before. World wide size companies and organizations promote new financial messaging standards and API implementation on browser levels. With all of this, banks will become more “digital friendly” and new products and services from third party companies, in collaboration with banks, will fill in the market. Inside this research discovered different aspects of the current problems which banks usually faced during implementation and conclusions what they need to expect when such projects is initiated. The information inside this research gives readers detailed information about the most important aspects of the technical side of implementation and review of new standards and tools.
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Technology investments as part of the marketing policy of diversified enterprises.
The article deals with the current state of technological investments of companies in different industries, with special attention paid to companies operating in different fields. To determine the nature of technological investments, an analysis of the scientific works of scientists was conducted, which proved that technological investments can be the basis for strengthening economic potential. It can also be part of a marketing concept to attract not only traditional investors, but also part of venture capital funds for conglomerates, which covers research analytics for technology investments most diversified in its assets and revenues of publicly traded companies. The analysis of the most widespread industries in which venture capital investors' money is channeled is analyzed. It is concluded that technologies and technological investments aim to improve the development of the following economic categories, namely: to make organizational management more efficient; enhances other sectors of the economy (able to optimize processes, for example, the capabilities of the modern Internet have changed such an industry as retail, and also gave impetus to the development of the goods delivery industry); ability to influence macroeconomic indicators (investments in technology are usually made through public financing, also very often the method of interaction of teams from different countries has a positive impact on the foreign trade balance of the country, the opportunity to improve financial markets, the development of social initiatives (social habits can change, with the further development of technology , so today, thanks to technology development, tourism, ease of telecommunications have become very popular among all social groups , transparent social activity, accessibility of media content); regulatory procedures (today with the development of technologies, the possibility of controlling business over its activity increases, as well as facilitating social control of business, stimulating it to be more responsible), contributing to the globalization of socio-economic processes (the level of mutualism among individual companies and even industries across the globe). The areas of responsibility of the organization are identified, which should be addressed in if I make a decision about implementing technology in the business process.
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Research of conditions of implementation of international human resource management practice.
The article explores the conditions of implementation of the practice of international human resource management. The present economic conditions, characterized by time compression, vast expansion of territorial business boundaries, are analyzed. Knowledge embodied in human resources is key to the success of businesses. It has been proven that, although port performance is usually measured in time, security and price / quality, the key task for modern port managers is to optimize the combination and use of their production factors to serve the global supply chain. After all, the demand for seaports stems from the demand for goods and maritime trade. Throughout the modern history of shipping, ports have enabled corporations and consumers to sell and buy world goods to the extent, speed and volume that were previously considered unthinkable. Technology has made a huge contribution to the way we do business. Under these conditions, the need for human resources professionals to apply international human resource management techniques in their functional activities is widely recognized. This is important not only for those who work in giant international companies, but also for many small and medium-sized enterprises that interact with other companies in the world market. The human factor is becoming increasingly important in modern port management. Today's business needs rapid response and adaptation to ever-changing and unforeseen circumstances. It is emphasized that ports and other segments of the global market should: be more innovative in thinking; develop various productive monitoring and surveillance tools; to form creative decisions; - keep track of the leading contemporary trends that are affecting the business world.
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Port clusters and economic development of ports.
The paper argues that cooperation between port authorities has not yet led to consolidation processes, unlike what has happened in other segments of the chain. Some examples of consolidation at the port authority level are given. It is emphasized that consolidation of port authorities will become inevitable as the economy grows, as well as environmental and social pressures. Therefore, an important condition for successful cooperation projects is the autonomy of port authorities. The need for freedom of port authorities to determine the economic justification for cooperation and the ability to influence these processes is justified. influence this process. If this is not justified, the likelihood of success becomes much lower. It is emphasized that, in addition to formal mergers and alliances, there are a number of other ways in which port authorities now cooperate with various stakeholders. Such funds include joint investments in connection with inland territories in environmental programs, initiatives in the «circular economy» that result in port authorities working together with their industrial clusters, in particular to provide new economic targets for waste such as wastewater, which were used to cool industrial installations, since they can be used further for urban heating. In addition to regional cooperation, ports are also interacting with the «trans-ocean» facility. The World Ports Sustainability Program is a partnership between IAPH and several international port development organizations and demonstrating global port leadership that promotes UN sustainable development and port capacity building. Mergers and alliances have been shown to be exceptional, which is related to the institutional context within most port authorities.
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Patterns of formation and development of the labor market in conditions of labor-resource volatility: theoretical and methodological aspect.
The article indicates that the labor market is an important element of a market economy, which performs the most important checks in the system of labor reproduction, its distribution between industries and sectors of the economy, regulating the demand and supply of workers, providing an impetus for professional and territorial mobility. It is determined that in the system of a market economy, the labor market is an indicator, the state of which allows us to evaluate the effectiveness of socio-economic transformations. Modern views on the labor market were formed by a long process of evolution of economic thought in the formation and development of this market. The first scientific studies in this area concerned the role of labor in the economic system and highlighted the problems of its use in the conditions of a spontaneous, unregulated market economy in England. It is concluded that under such conditions the Ukrainian labor market requires the search for mechanisms to increase the competitiveness of the workforce and create incentives that can stimulate the population to productive labor. The regulatory policy's decision on specific tasks for the formation and development of the labor market in the context of labor-resource volatility should be carried out within the framework of a nationwide targeted strategy for employment of the population, taking into account the structural features of matching supply and demand at the regional level. This strategy, firstly, should be aimed at a harmonious combination of state and market regulators, secondly, should be aimed at strategic development of the workforce due to bringing the characteristics of the latter in line with demand, and thirdly, it should be able to effectively implement the function staffing at the micro level.
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Marketing strategy at transport enterprises in the context of crisis management.
The article is devoted to the research of issues, analysis and improvement of marketing activities at the railway enterprises of Ukraine. As a result of the research, it was established that in difficult and unstable financial business conditions, and under competition, there is a need to adopt marketing management methods at railway enterprises. The article discusses scientific approaches to the problems of marketing development in the service sector. Also It is revealed the essence of the concept of transport services as an object of marketing activities. The methodological foundations of the marketing assurance of the quality of transport services and the applying of logistic methods in the implementation of the marketing management concept in anti-crisis situations in the field of transport services are defined. The analysis of freight traffic by various types of transport, as well as specifically considered the transport by rail. The main problems of railways and the quality of services, lack of customer service flexibility, weak interaction with other transport processes are identified. Considered and improved the scheme of the exit of the enterprise from the crisis state, and also considered the factors of risk development of the enterprise in the anti-crisis period. Recommendations are given to improve marketing activities in the structure of enterprise management, which allow planning and coordination of marketing activities in rail transport, and you can calculate the optimal distribution of goods using formula and calculations, you can determine the delivery and processing for unplanned goods, and the proposed approach will allow go from planning, receiving applications for shippers in the optimum time.
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Theoretical aspects of assessment of the economic potential of the enterprise.
The article deals with the theoretical aspects of assessing the economic potential of an enterprise, and the essence of existing methodological approaches to its evaluation. The principles, concepts and methods of economic potential assessment are investigated. It is determined that an economic entity's economic potential is characterized by determining the amount of available resources available to the enterprise and the economic impact of their use. The essence of enterprise capital and the role of optimal structure are considered. It is proved that one of the main problems of estimating the potential of the enterprise is the difference between the real and the book value of the capital of the enterprise. As a result of the research, it is stated that the assessment of economic potential requires determination according to the factors of the methodological basis, which will allow to determine quantitative and qualitative aspects of formation and utilization of enterprise potential.
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Theoretical aspects of enterprise competitiveness.
The article deals with the theoretical aspects of competition and competitiveness of the enterprise. The economic essence of the concept is revealed, the criteria and indicators of competitiveness assurance are determined, the factors of influence are identified. It is determined that the effective restructuring of the Ukrainian economy should be focused on the perfect use of existing intellectual potential or attraction of highly qualified, and the corresponding development of high-tech production and innovation potentials. It is proposed to define the term "enterprise competitiveness" as a comprehensive comparative characteristic of a possible level of a set of key success factors with an appropriate assessment of the enterprise's capabilities in a particular segment of the market and for a certain period of time in accordance with a similar set of indicators of a competing enterprise. It is generalized that it is the competitiveness of the enterprise that forms its own positioning in the competition, the position on the market and is possible only by the achievement and development of relevant competitive advantages in the economic, technical and organizational directions of activity of the entity.
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Innovative marketing in the В2В market.
Innovation is an iterative process based on the perception of a new product or new service technologies based on the invention. Innovation is characterized by four parameters: type, level, location and effect. In terms of level, innovations can be radical or additional. Analysis of the introduction of radical innovation has proved that disruptive innovation begins in one of two types of niche markets. The first, low level of the market, where there is an opportunity to dominate this segment first, and then to disrupt the rest of the market by drawing up functions and raising prices. The second type, the principle of high-class innovation: start with a high price in the market, and then go down to the mass market, adding additional functions and reducing (instead of increasing) the price. It has been proven that the efficiency of diffusion of new technology is based on the paradigm of variable speed of innovation adoption. The first potential customers are divided into two segments: where possible to use the methods of technologies and behavioral grounds for purchasing an innovative product. In developing innovative products, getting feedback from consumers is the most important part on the road to success. For both segments, the most appropriate way to collect information is to interview because depth of analysis is required. When the "type of innovative decision" is collective, the rate of adoption is lower than that of the individual. This makes the dissemination of ideas in the B2B sector more difficult as decisions are made at the organization level. It is recommended to consider the four components that allow the marketing program to be effective. An important part of the process of innovative marketing in B2B is understanding the decision-making process of its main participants. Identify 5 types of people who play a role in the decision-making process in the purchase of a new product: users, influencers, buyers, deciders and intermediaries. Each type requires a specific targeting strategy as they are due to different reasons.
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Interaction of institutions of higher education and business in the conditions of modern economic development.
The integration of scientific, educational and innovation activities, cooperation between universities and the real economy is an important component for the development of universities, businesses, region, country. The high practical orientation of education and its connection with the realities of the economic situation should become unique characteristics of a modern University. Education at the University should meet the needs of the state, society and the individual. Its interaction with enterprises of various sizes provides the basis for the formation of a social order for students, from which the University should start in the formation of the curriculum, a set of disciplines and practices for teaching the student. Taking into account the demands of the external environment, in particular the demands of business and enterprises allows educational institutions to choose the right trajectory in the process of training students to get a graduate who has exactly the list of professional skills that are in demand today in the labor market, with which he will be in demand in modern society. The article focuses on the need to improve the interaction of Ukrainian universities and enterprises in such areas as training, employment of graduates, cooperation in the field of science and innovation, analyzed the ratio of satisfaction of partners with cooperation and considered the need for cooperation with companies of different sizes, highlighted the main problems and prospects of cooperation with the University business structures, proposed ways to solve them. The analysis of interaction of higher education and business structures in the conditions of modern market relations emphasizes the necessity of this process and its usefulness from the point of view of practice-oriented training and formation of practical skills among University graduates.
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Organizational foundations of modern quality management systems in industrial enterprises.
Given the fact that Ukraine is heading for the EU, then all regulatory documents related to certification, especially in industrial enterprises, must comply with standards and international norms. Therefore, improving the quality of products in Ukraine and this period is an important issue. The growth of competitiveness not only in the domestic market but also in the global one stimulates industrial enterprises to revise the quality standards of products. Improving the quality of products in Ukraine is dictated not only by high competitiveness in the domestic market, the quality of life of workers also directly depends on the quality of products, since quality products are sold at a higher price, and this is the salary of industrial workers and their social well-being. Also, the high quality of products of industrial enterprises and manufacturing according to modern technologies indicates the country's level in the competitive list of countries, and this is the image of the state as an exporter on the international market. The guarantor of product quality of industrial enterprises in the international market are the ISO 9000 series standards. Due to the fact that the scientific and economic achievements of new markets in competitiveness, the implementation of innovative solutions and inventions, lead to the formation at industrial enterprises of a unified system of actions to improve the quality and level of knowledge, which become one of the main conditions for the development and growth of competitiveness of the economy enterprises, industries but also the state. A study of the development of scientific theories of quality management at industrial enterprises and their approaches to practical implementation revealed a number of methodological foundations and principles aimed at improving product quality management at industrial enterprises. Scientific research in this area has gone from theory based on the principles of marriage and theories of production process control. The topic is relevant especially at a time when the country is moving to international standards and entering the international market for products. The study and implementation of international standards is relevant in this period at industrial enterprises.
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Formation of an effective mechanism for motivating the work of the management personnel of the organization.
In the presented article, some issues of the motivational mechanism of personnel management and management personnel in particular are considered: the role of motivation, the nature, functions and methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the mechanism of motivation of managers' work. It is determined that the basis for building a motivational mechanism are the needs and motivation. Needs force a person to act, and motivation is the driving force that manifests, directs and stores his purposeful efforts. The motivational mechanism underlies the successful existence of any enterprise, since it contributes to the rational use of the labor potential of workers, the mobilization of their mental and physical capabilities and leads to high productivity. A study of the mechanism of motivation of staff in the existing commercial enterprise showed that, mainly, in managing the current activities of the enterprise, administrative-organizational methods. Economic methods of material incentives for workers in the form of bonus labor results are used, but their efficiency is low. The main indicators of enterprise activity have a positive development trend, however, a comparison of the growth rates of wages and labor productivity showed that wage increases do not stimulate the growth of labor productivity. This indicates a low level of labor motivation and the need to develop a more effective mechanism. The analysis and identified shortcomings in the system of labor motivation of management personnel allowed to determine the main directions of its improvement based on material and non-material incentives. A flexible system for calculating the auxiliary salary in the form of a premium is proposed, depending on the integrated indicator, which is formed on the basis of the performance of the subordinate team, self-assessment and expert evaluation. The proposed technique will allow an objective assessment of the work of managers and their contribution to the results of the company.
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Transnational corporations and economic security: interaction in terms of globalization.
Since the end of the twentieth century, globalization processes in the world take a new level every year. This, in turn, affects the development of transnational companies (TNCs), which spread their influence on the economies of countries across the planet, as well as on the system of international economic relations as a whole. It can be said that, recently, transnationals have been the initiators and main supporters of the introduction of globalization. Given that TNCs have virtually unlimited financial resources, their activities pose threats to economic security for both host and home countries. This is mainly due to the fact that the interests of states and companies in relation to which the economic distribution of TNCs is directed are not fully taken into account, and also because the goals of many TNCs and the countries where they are based contradict the basic principles of economic security. The authors of the article describe the main components of economic security, analyze transnational companies, their impact on the economies of countries, as well as proposed steps to strengthen international economic security and that of the country as a whole.
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Project management and uncertainty management.
The article proves that modern projects have high uncertainty over the life cycle. Overcoming uncertainty must be a lengthy process and requires a change in focus throughout the project life cycle. Uncertainty is created in part due to the quality and completeness of information, the diversity of interests and susceptibility to external influences in the project. The traditional approach to achieving the project goal and adhering to the plan is ineffective for projects with a long period and great uncertainty. Based on this, a step-by-step methodology is proposed, which consists of 9 stages, which should be the basis for identifying, analyzing and observing project uncertainties: step 1 and 2 for preparing the process, step 3-7 for identifying uncertainties, analyzing and developing measures for the implementation of the project; final steps 8–9 for managing uncertainty at all stages of the project life cycle. There are three elements that are of particular importance in the process of managing uncertainty: the human factor, models and tools, methods. Without key players who know how to deal with uncertainty in projects, good uncertainty management techniques and models will not be effective. These entities are not only internal project employees, but also external project stakeholders, which should be included in the process. An organization needs a general uncertainty management model that is open to external processes. Uncertainty management is a continuous process, and has a different focus on the project life cycle.
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State of trade relations of Ukraine with some countries of the post-Soviet space.
The article attempts to determine the current state of trade relations with some countries of the post-Soviet space. The article is of an overview nature. The article determines that the Russian Federation continues to be one of the most significant trading partners of Ukraine, despite attempts to terminate the agreement from such a partnership. The article states that cooperation with the European Union for Ukraine is an important condition for its integration into the world community, one of the aspects of the success of democratic transformations and the transition to full-fledged market relations, especially now that the EU has become Europe’s largest center for economic and political development, an example of completely new relations between states. It is determined that trade and economic cooperation between Ukraine and Latvia is one of the fundamental foundations of bilateral relations. A gradual increase in the foreign trade turnover between Ukraine and Latvia is now forecasted according to the results of 2019 and in the medium term, taking into account the current tendency to increase sectoral interaction based on the results of the 7th meeting of the Ukrainian-Latvian Intergovernmental Commission on Economic, Industrial, Scientific and Technical Cooperation. It is concluded that export-import operations with partners from Russia, despite the tension in relations, occupy a leading position. The second strategic partner of Ukraine, this is Lithuania, I would like to note the positive trends in trade relations, which almost doubled. This trend suggests that Ukraine is still changing the foreign trade vector towards the post-Soviet countries are already members of the European Community.
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Modern tendencies of development of HR-management at domestic enterprises.
The necessity of development of HR-management in modern domestic enterprises is analyzed in the article. The difference between HR management and HR department is noted. Perspective practices in HR management within the framework of crisis management according to HR management are identified, for example: formation of a strong HR brand as a manifestation of the specificity of personnel and PR policies; application of social networks in recruitment; formation of the competencies of HR manager as a strategic business partner and more. The basic personal qualities required for a present-day HR-manager are given, namely: high moral standards; physical and mental health; internal and external culture, justice, honesty, responsiveness, optimism, care, benevolence. The main requirements for the personal qualities of the HR manager are presented and characterized, such as: honest work and job satisfaction; establishing strong and favorable relationships with employees. The complex of functions to be performed by a specialist in HR-management is revealed, namely: investigation of the labor market tendencies, keeping the company manager informed about the personnel situation in the market, monitoring the average level of salaries by the target industry and profession; analysis of work performed in the field of activity and preparation of reporting documents; development of local normative acts, regulations, instructions aimed at the description, systematization and clear regulation of the personnel management processes of the organization; creation of a multifunctional system of work motivation, etc. The list of HR indicators in such areas as: organizational efficiency, bonuses and privileges, efficiency of recruiting and adaptation of personnel, training and personnel development are given and the requirements for HR indicators are defined and described. The most probable trends that will be characteristic of changes in HR management are considered, namely. It is predicted that : the internal HR system will decrease and outsourcing will increase; strategic thinking will become a core internal competence of HR; the pendulum is likely to be directed towards a specialist (the general management will disappear); HR will look more like marketing.
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The corporate identity of the hotel business in the tourism marketing system.
The article is of a survey nature. The hotel business is considered one of the most noble, but also time-consuming and requiring huge investments. Globalization of the world economy, increased international competition occur as a result of the rapid pace of scientific and technological progress, the intensification of innovative processes. New conditions require new approaches to the organization of the hotel industry. The article emphasizes the importance of corporate identity as an important tool in the marketing activities of a hotel company. The corporate identity provides the formation of perception of specific attributes of the image, plays a decisive role in the interaction of the company with partners, employees, suppliers, shareholders and customers. The more attractive the image of a hotel company, the more opportunities the hotel management will discover. A positive image means recognition, leading market positions, and high economic results. Therefore, the creation of a successful corporate identity of a hotel company is one of the ways to declare their competitive advantages, as well as increase attractiveness among target groups of the population in the tourism market. The article also indicates the functional aspects of the corporate identity, considers its main components and their specifics. The basic rules and stages of forming the corporate identity of a hotel enterprise are presented. The advantages of using corporate identity in the hotel business are highlighted.
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Research of key elements of the implementation of the occupational health and safety management system with the use of ISO 45001.
The Occupational Safety and Risk Management system is an important part of an organization's health and safety strategy. Companies that have their own health and safety management system certified to ISO 45001 benefit from international recognition of ISO standards. Certification makes it possible to standardize the requirements for occupational safety management in a global context, provides companies with greater legal certainty, minimizes risks. The work has an overview character. The purpose of the article was to identify and analyze the key elements of ISO 45001 for its successful integration into the existing OSH management system of Ukrainian organizations. The paper examines the requirements of ISO 45001: 2018. It identifies the basic processes that will help organizations to actively increase the effectiveness of their work in the field of occupational safety. The main advantages are highlighted, which will promote the reputation of the organization as a safe place to work and help to gain more direct benefits in the industry. The list of key factors for successful implementation and maintenance of the system of management of health and safety at work has also been formed. Research findings are an important tool for any company interested in implementing or upgrading a health and safety management system using the ISO 45001 standard, regardless of size and scope.
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Wheeled vehicle certification: possibilities of legal regulatio
Legislative system which regulate wheeled vehicle certification of Ukraine is investigated in the article. Norms from fundamental law of Ukraine, norms Law of Ukraine such as Road Traffic, about Transport, about Motor transport, secondary legislation. are. аnalysed. Аdjudicate that in the lawgiving level rulemaking of certification wheeled vehicle in Ukraine answer requirements international standards namely Agreement concerning the Adoption of Harmonized Technical United Nations Regulations for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts Which can be Fitted and/or be Used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of Approvals Granted on the Basis of these United Nations Regulations. Agreement created in 1958 (as amended 1995). Ukraine join to agreement in 2000. Adequately highly-developed legal and regulatory framework in subordinate legislation. Question of creation the registry of wheeled vehicle certificate is up-to-date. However after all subordinate legislation presence the registry of wheeled vehicle certificate is missing. Author propose updating legislative instruments in an attempt to exclude the possibility forgery certificate of wheeled vehicle.
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Analysis and rationale of management decisions in the field of economic security in the conditions of environmental transformation of agrarian enterprises
Always information on population, nature management and technogenic influence is represented by artificial ranges. Usually administrative and territorial division is used for this purpose at the national and regional level. At the present stage, the economic situation makes it possible to direct funds to solve only the primary problems. In fact, some kind of social reaction can only be expected on emergency situations of a national or regional scale. In fact, some kind of social reaction can only be expected on emergency situations of a national or regional scale. This practice requires not only the general characterization of a particular environmental problem, but also the assessment of its degree of danger to society.The role of research in this process is to develop and provide a scientific basis for making managerial decisions in the field of economic security in the face of negative environmental impacts.
Problems of methodological and technological nature related to the collection, processing, analysis, and systematization of information, as well as territorial justification of decisions in the field of economic security in the context of environmental threats, are associated with heterogeneous spatial information.
GIS simulation of economic security in the context of environmental threats is based on the recipient approach to the functional blocks of the system in accordance with the current state of economic use of systems
An example of a scientific and practical substantiation of managerial decisions regarding environmental factors in the formation of economic security at the state level was the development of an automated Government information and analytical system for emergency situations (UIAS NA) based on the departmental principle. It is based on a systematic approach to the interaction of natural, economic, social and technical systems with the display of information in the form of geographic information systems and their transformation into relevant expert systems.
