No. 28 (2014): Вісник Приазовського Державного Технічного Університету. Серія: Економічні науки
Published:
2015-07-01
Статті
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Титульна сторінка
Титульна сторінка -
ЗМІСТ ЗБІРНИКА
Зміст збірника -
PROPERTIES OF MONEY AS FRAUDULENT CAPITAL
There are many examples where unsecured (fraudulent) capitals and huge fortunes were cobble together and went bankrupt. The peculiarity of this phenomenon lies in the fact that the lack of labor in the surplus capital makes it interesting for fraudulent schemes, helps to create fraudulent capital that does not contain any significant material component in the form of surplus product. In contrast to the real capital, fraudulent capital is not secured by human labor. Then the question arises - what is the basis of fraudulent capital profit? Literature gives an objective response. This is a deception, a reallocation of capital disproportionate to the performance. Money has a unique feature - a universal means of lending, the property of being a source of to unrealized labor or services. No other artificial system is able to manifest such properties – lend labor unsecured by previous results, giving added value. The article shows that money as a commodity in financial transactions has an appeal for fraudulent capital. This practice occurs and is one of the reasons of local and global economic crisis. Over the time, this path will still lead the economy to a standstill.
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TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE PROPERTIES OF MONEY AS A COMMODITY
The emergence of money associated with the production of commodities and a fairly high level of development of the commodity exchange. Initially, as has already been mentioned, money appears as a special publicly recognized goods - the universal equivalent of all other commodities. And the money - is a special kind of commodity that has intrinsic value and is measured by the value of all other commodities, resulting in the exchange of commodities which is transformed into commodity-money exchange initially money appears at the stage of the exchange. Then it begins to serve the entire reproductive process, becoming a gradually reproduction category.
Modern money as a set of obligations relation characterizes a very significant, but only one side of the problem - namely, the leveraged nature of modern money (of course, if it is issued on a credit basis). Another aspect of the problem of money, including their contemporary forms, is the ability to represent the movement of the money value of goods and services at the micro and macro levels, in terms of a single national economy and the world economy as a whole.
One of the main reasons in the society, which has led to the fact that crisis began to develop in the world economic system, is the effect of advancing consumption.
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Belopolsky N. Internal reserves of Ukraine salvation
At this crucial time for the country the duty of every citizen is to offer and, if possible, to implement proposals in practice to resolve the crisis. These proposals must be comprehensive, understandable not only for the managerial elite, but also for the people. Government agencies should seek expertise in other countries when they were in such a position, as well asUkraine. The experience of these countries is very useful for us. You can explore the experience of post-warWest Germany,Japan,South Korea, the Soviet Union and theUnited States. InUkrainethere is still the potential to promote their goods to western and eastern markets. To do this, the organization of production should seriously benefit from the experience of western producers to achieve production of the world standards. We still have a sufficient number of scientists and technical staff, which could help businesses in the production of world-class products. It is also necessary to create a Ukrainian Public Chamber with the representation from government, business and intellectual elite, trade unions, which could not only develop measures to overcome the crisis, but also take into account the interests of the country and business, to protect the interests of the people. This should be done not once whenever, but now, a year or two later will be too late. There may be a serious social explosion in the country.
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METHODOLOGY OF LEADING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
In the scientific literature, the interest in the analysis of economic categories and processes based on energy approach is periodically increasing. Particularly relevant in the context of this issue the problematic of economic development remains, which is described using power structures more often. The purpose of the articleisto present and justify the concept of transformation of the system based on energy approach and to work out the structural model of leading national economic development. Subject of research is the transformation of economic system. Theoretical researches of world economic thought on assessment of the dynamics of economic systems served as methodological basis of this research. The methods of this research are comparative, structural analysis and logic synthesis, methods of induction and modeling and an integrated approach that combines the innovative basic principles of synergistic, systematic and evolutionary approaches.
The resultsofthe analysis.In the article, the concept of transformation of economic system based on energy approach is presented and proved. Since energy is the driving force of any change, it can be considered as the driving force of development processes. The universality of the concept of energy is due to the possibility of applying to any forms of complex phenomena, so the amount of power primitive behavior in any complex phenomenon may be estimated with the help of energy. It is proved that the national economy is a system in which its own potential economic energy is incorporated. Potential economic energy consists of abilities of the various resources. If the vector of economic force coincides with the vector of time, positive work is done, which leads to the transformation of the system by converting potential economic energy to positive kinetic economic energy, which characterizes the development. The process of transformation of the economic system is based on the action of positive feedback and negative feedback. Lots of positive feedback will lead to overheating, crisis, degeneration of the economic system, and negative – to the attenuation, fading, and again to degeneration. A positive feedback leads to hyperbolic acceleration of development, creating the effect of a uniform distribution of events on a log scale of time. This requires an additional study of time features that were considered while the working out the structural model of leading economic development. The model reflects the function of economic energy, economic force and time, seal of which will compensate the expulsion of socio-economic system in the rarefied layers of time, leading to the decline of the system. Economic energy is represented by an array of abilities of the economic system. Economic force depends on the economic weight of the country and acceleration of the economic growth of the national economy. Work describes quantitative and qualitative changes in the system by the force. This allows calculating the efficiency of the system by which it is possible to judge about the state of the economic system. Conclusions and directions of further researches. Bringing the proposed model to the level of practical recommendations for the management of economic development and its evaluation based on the dynamics of the national economy will enable the timely adjustment of strategic and tactical problems at the state level. The prospects of further research are to develop and test a methodology for assessing the economic energy of the country.
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Kozlova V. The study of inflation in Ukraine at this stage of development.
The article analyzes the inflation processes in Ukraine and their consequences for the country and its population. Inflation is the reverse side of reducing the purchasing power of money, and is characteristic of paper and non-cash, which have no intrinsic value and are not real goods. When money lost it’s gold basis, inflation became an integral part of the economy in the modern world.
Cash factors determining the growth of inflation, showed an increase in government spending, an increase in public debt; issue of money, unbalanced demand for it; increase incomes in isolation from productivity growth; increase of the velocity of money. A monetary factor does not indicate the origin of the monopolization of the economy; unbalanced economic development; unjustified government regulation of the economy; negative balance of payments. All these signs of inflation are present at this stage of development of the Ukrainian economy. Such countries with transition economy as Ukraine, are unable to overcome inflation. The growth of debt between economic entities, for all types of social payments and budgets indicates the transformation of inflation in payment crisis. Solving the budget deficit problem by increasing public debt led to a deterioration of the economic condition of the country and brought it directly to bankruptcy.
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Navrotska T. Trends in the development of market of products of the aircraft industry
The paper analyzes the tendencies in the development of aviation building enterprises, gives comparative characteristics of indexes of machine-building enterprises productivity. The analysis of the current state of market affairs on market of aircraft building industry is executed. On the basis of official statistics data the deep crisis of domestic manufacture is dominated. The machine-building enterprises industry was investigated 2000 during 2014 years. The major competitors of domestic aircraft manufacturers and other aircraft building products were determined among manufacturers of foreign countries. The concept of increasing of aircraft production in Ukraine in 2013-2017 years was developed. On the basis of expert analyses the conclusion about unprofitability of private aircraft piece-production is made. On the assumption of the analyses of expert computation the domestic aircraft manufacturers should be re-equipped. The dynamic of potential demand for aircrafts produced by SOE “ANTONOV” in countries of CIS in 2010-2017 years was forecasted. The tendencies of aircraft manufacturers development and the dynamics of aircraft amortization was considered. Measures for increasing the series aircraft production were proposed.
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Mudrak R., Muzyka B. Raw materials supply of Ukraine meat processing industry - the state and prospects of the development
Agrarian crisis has determined severances of economic ties between agricultural and industrial commodity producers in many cases. Agrarians growing cattle are unable to cooperate with industrial enterprises by selling its products through alternative channels. On the other hand, meat processing plants try to solve its raw materials problems by importing relevant products. Such practice demonstrates unbalance of business mechanism of meat products subcomplex and failure to achieve parameters of its sustainable development.
Domestic meat processing industry considers import of livestock raw materials not just as an addition to basic supply on the part of domestic agricultural commodity producers which covers existing deficits and as adequate, irrespective of the situation on the domestic market, the supply chain. Such an approach contains business risks - it doesn't allow conducting long-term (strategic) planning and may be the reason of losses, business interruptions.
Conclusions: raw materials shortage, inter alia, is a limiting production growth factor in meat processing industry of Ukraine economy;sources of raw materials of meat processing industry is domestic production of appropriate agricultural products and import; meat processing enterprises tend to consider import of cattle-breeding raw materials as adequate, irrespective of the situation on the domestic market, the supply chain. Such an approach significantly increases business risks because: dynamics of absolute volumes import of cattle-breeding raw materials shows a higher level of instability in comparison with domestic supplies; the prices for imported products can show sharp increase in a short-term period as a result of exchange instability (devaluation) which will result in shocks from the suitable proposal; reconstruction of business relations of industrial and agricultural enterprises on a long-term basis is the condition of a stable growth of domestic meat processing industry.
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Tolpezhnikov R. Proactive management of financial component of markiteng-mix of enterprise
The current trends of proactive management of the financial component of the industrial enterprise’s marketing mix were reviewed and analyzed. It has been determined that term “ marketing company complex” means a versatile and purposeful work in the field of the harmonization of production to the needs of the market, creating a system of the enterprise coordination capabilities and current demand need, and meeting the demands both for consumer and producer. The main directions of marketing activity of the enterprise, supplemented by proactivity and partnership are considered it is. Determined that proactivity is a principle of marketing activities of formation, which involves the actions of competitors and provides an opportunity to by ahead of them. Using this strategy the company produces its own course off movement and operates regardless of the circumstances in the directions. This strategy provides the implementation, of up-to-date creative ideas into business processes, the access to the consumer with an unexpected advertising campaign, the conclusion of an entirely new design solution and others. It is concluded that proactive management of marketing is the analyses, planning, implementation and monitoring of events aimed at the establishment, strengthening and maintaining profitable exchanges with target buyers in order to achieve certain objectives.
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LABOUR MIGRATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ITS MANAGEMENT IN GEORGIA
Labour migration activating is an important problem for the Georgian Labor Market, that in its turn was facilitated, by a constant increase of unemployment rate. It is naturally that outflow of employable, qualified personnel from the country impedes the process of economic growth. For the purpose of regulation of migration processes a number of projects were implemented in Georgia; migration policy; was improved “Migration Strategy of Georgia for the years 2013-2015” and its action plan were created. Their realization will help to overcome the existing problems -
FOOD SAFETY– A CONSUMER PROTECTION FACTOR
By 2030 the world population is expectedto reach8billion people, which demands that theworld food productionshould increase by at least40%.80%of this increasehas to be ensuredby a more intensivecrop production. Food, wine and tobacco industryis the second largesteconomicsector in the EuropeanUnion.Itemploys48 million peopleand its sharein the European economyisaround750billion Euros per year.
The basic principles of the food safetypolicywere regulated in the EU legislationin2002. Theyare intended to facilitatethe free trade offoodsthroughout the European Union, ensuring an equally high levelof consumer protectioninthe Member States.
The European food lawcovers allstages of the foodchain – fromanimal feedand food productionto their processing, storage, transportation, import and export, as well as retailing. Allfoodsand feed products producedand soldin the EUcan be traced‘from farm to fork’ through thisintegrated approach so that consumers will be well informed aboutthe content ofthe foods they consume. The foods cannothave health claims on their labels unless theyarescientifically provenandexplicitly approvedby the European Commission. -
DEVELOPMENT OF THE RETAIL ASSORTMENT ON DECISIONS FOR STRUCTURING
One of the key tasks of a retailer is to respond effectively to the requirements of the consumers. Here, the activities of research, formation, structuring, optimization, organization and development of the assortment are particularly important. These activities are subject to the strategy of the company and are based on the demand and needs. On its part, responding effectively to consumers implies the use of new approaches toward the overall assortment management. Such an approach, for example, is assortment structuring by commodity categories, as well as the related decisions to create, manage and evaluate the effectiveness of their assortment matrix, also called commodity portfolio.
Modernretailershaveavariety of toolsenabling them to carry out analyses in the specific trends of the retail assortment. It is extremely important to duly assess the situation in the retail premises. Managers are faced withmakingcomplicated decisionsrelated tostrategy development, selection and formationof retail assortment,pricing, movement andpresentation of the goodsin the store.Retailassortment structuringis especially important among thisset ofdecisions. This paper aims to differentiate and specify the types of decisions the implementation of which as specific activities aids the studying and structuring of retail assortment, as well as its rational organization and development.
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THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON BUSINESS RESULTS
Modern enterprises are faced with a complex of economic, social and environmental problems, the solution of which is in the area of corporate social responsibility. The consequences of enterprise socially responsible behavior do not contradict the criteria of economic feasibility and lead to improved activities of economic entities.This paper proposes a methodical approach to the study of corporate social responsibility impact on business results, which is based on the formation of the matrix influence on two characteristics which are the duration and extent of impact on stakeholders.In terms of scale, the matrix assumes allocation of internal and external impact of corporate social responsibility practice on business results, based on similar characteristics of stakeholder groups, from the viewpoint of duration long-term and short-term impact are allocated. It was established that in the short term enterprise social and environmental initiative leads to the funds outflow caused by necessity of cost financing for the environment, improving product quality, the development of local community. Positive effects in the short term are caused by the growth of labor productivity, sales, energy efficiency and pollution-free production, product quality. The analysis showed that activities in the area of corporate social responsibility bring the greatest benefits on business entities’ performance in the long term. Effective implementation of corporate social practices should lead to the achievement of ultimate goals which are the establishment of long-term competitive advantage and enterprise sustainable development.
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Kul’backa O.The market of land resources in the conditions of the economic crisis
The article deals with the questions of mobilization of internal resources of the country for traverse from the crisis the refusal of deadlock policy of escalating debt. It is offered to use the domestic land resources as the new development direction of the economy. A significant negative impact of corrupt mechanisms for determining the value of the auction of land resources is considered in the article. It is proved that a large number of scientifically based methods of land resources evaluation leads to significant differences in the results depending on the selected method. The need for the global banking system to capitalizate real resources and land resources, including economic sanctions against Russian Federation by the EU and the United States is justified.
For the purpose of fair distribution of financial income from foreign capitalization of the banking system it is recommended to bring land bonas evenly distributed among the citizens. It is offered to buy back the state land from land owners and to conduct its capitalization as bank assets to get financial income.
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RECREATIONAL AREAS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN GEORGIA
The object of research are Georgian Resort - Recreational areas and tourism opportunities. Nature has richly rewarded Georgia with tourist recreational resources in the areas. There is no such a places in the world where such a variety of scenery can be seen. That's why Georgia whit its unique natural economic conditions – has the opportunity to become a strong tourist country. We believe that such a country as Georgia, which is one of the major tourist potentials of its untouched, wild and varied, remarkably attractive nature, is particularly important to assess the value of natural resources, tourism and recreation.
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Khadzhynova O. V. Mechanism of contractor relationship management: structural basis and behavioral aspects
The improving of the mechanism of relationship management with contractors is aimed at ensuring the greatest possible efficiency and effectiveness of business processes. Its reconfiguration is carried out in case of structural changes in marketing environment and displays a high level of uncertainty in the interaction with contractors (their behavior), which leads to unacceptable loss of economic benefits and costs of additional time and resources. This is the definition of structural and behavioral prerequisites for building and reconfiguration of such a management tool for industrial enterprises that to this article is devoted to.
The article deals with the specifics of relationships and structure of contractual relations with contractors, where the level of behavioral uncertainty is very important. The quality control is characterized by the ability of companies to reduce uncertainty. The key methods of analysis and decision-making mechanism of relationship management contractors are methods of risk analysis and strategies development to respond to them. Such analyses are determined to prepare options for interaction counterparties and scenario analysis of selected elements influence on the effectiveness of their relationship, which shows the feasibility of the choice of one or another variant.
The article prives that the criterion for the choice of interaction forms and contractual relationships with counterparties should be considered as a minimum of transaction costs at reasonable positions on condition of reaching a compromise in conflict situations.
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Duginets G. The environmental factors affecting the forming of international competitiveness of European countries.
The study determined that the governments of developed countries put the environment problem among the main aspects of their policy, thus making the environmental aspect an increasingly important factor of competitiveness and development strategy of international business. The key indicators of "Global Competitiveness Index, adjusted for consistency" were researched. It has been determined that, as a result of implementing the concept of sustainable development? profound changes undergo in the structure of national economy, advanced energy saving technologies are being implemented, and new industries are being formed in most developed countries. The United States, Japan and countries of Western Europe, especially Germany, are taking the lead in creating ecological industries and exporting ecological goods. The key opportunities, which present themselves due to taking into consideration the ecology factor in increasing international competitiveness, are identified on the basis of the study results. It is proved that the transition to a new model of development does not happen by itself, but with the help of a focused environmental policy that allows companies to reduce costs, creates new markets for the company's products, causes companies’ withdrawal, in case that they are unable to conform to the high environmental standards, and protects advanced environmentally oriented business from foreign competition. It is concluded that combining economic and environmental factors of international competitiveness forms a new model of economic development, which corresponds to the realities of globalization of the economy in the context of the new millennium.
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Komelina O., Minyaylenko I. Priorities of spatial development Poltava region
Conceptual foundations of strategic planning of spatial development of the region described in the scientific research. Key priorities for spatial development defined. The main provisions of the strategic guidelines for spatial development of regional economy described. Strategy of the main components of the structure- region - agriculture and industry developed. Financial support implementation of these strategies and economic and social rationale for their implementation defined. The optimal ratio of structure – element spatial size of the region is theoretically justified.
In Ukranian and its regions the economic crisis has put forvard, the problem of choosing the strategy for further development of the national economy. In this regard, it is necessary the form the model of national economy, to determine its structure, to forecast and plan individual components, taking into account new objectives related to regional economic space and building a socially oriented economy.
Studies of regional economy, in particular the study of the parameters in the dynamics, allow to identify the positive and negative changes in the qualitative and quantitative indicators of regions economic activity. This requires a deep and qualitative evaluation component analysis and spatial development prospects of the country and regions.
The main way out of the crisis situation is the formation of a strategic plan for spatial development of the regional economy.
The purpose of the strategic guidelines spatial development is the identification of priority sectors (economic activities) and their enterprises that can produce competitive on the domestic and foreign markets products and ensure economic growth. Branches that are not able to produce competitive products that require restructuring, modernization, equipment and technology. Therefore, the formation of spatial development strategies need to consider innovative component.
Approaches to the priorities formation of Poltave region spatial development are examined in the article. The technique of evaluation will help to the strategy of Poltava region spatial development that will increase gross regional product (GRP) and the well-being of the population as a whole.
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ShovkoplyasA., BukreyevS., Bannikov Yu. Organization of Integrated Formation Model with Applying of Dynamic Programming Principles
The analysis of the partnership of agricultural producers and processing enterprises organization approaches and methods is done. One of the variants of common interests realization in the way of mathematical model of mutually advantageous relations of integrated formation – members - association - is considered. The advantages this model organizing partnership relations are given. A set of actual statements which weren’t discrebed in the model and require further research and control in integration of economic activity entites is analized. It is proposed to eliminate these disadvantages using dynamic programming principles in planning relations within integrated association. The tasks of integrated formation modelling which are found in the demonstration of enterprises joint actions in forming the effective production conditions and in financial and economic result are given. The proposed model is demonstrated as an approbation with the aim of the most optimal parameters determining the productivity such of enterprises as Ltd. “Kolos”, Ltd. “Breeding plant by Litvinov” and closed joint stock company “Slov’yanoserbs’k milk processing plant”, united in the integrated formation with the aim of production and sales chain based on milk production of the final consumption. Alternative variants of fodder production in Ltd. “Kolos”, variants of milk production in Ltd. “Breeding plant by Litvinov” and production of the milk products assortment in closed joint stock company “Slov’yanoserbs’k milk processing plant” are considered. The main incentive for integrated formations creation is forming the possibilities of resource and financial - economic enterprises providing process improvement and also elimination of the lack of enterprises economy subordination to each other.
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Zhyvko Zinaida Bogdanivna. Expert assessment system for monitoring economic security
The article emphasizes the importance of expert evaluation of economic security for its efficient operation and management of economic security (SEBP). An objective assessment of economic security cannot be based on an arbitrary set of indicators. Their choice is due to the fact that all the indicators describing various aspects of achievement and support required for the development of enterprise and level security; so the evaluation of economic security needs to develop a system of indicators, taking into account the basic requirements for their choice. It is proved that internal and external threats should consider further profound economic activity. The author investigates monitoring (SEBP) and the methods of solving this problem. It is proposed to apply the basic criteria concordance coefficient of the experts consistency via a point system of estimation the value of various indicators of EFPs result in a comparative form. A breakdown of each functional component determines the limit values of the evaluation that are characterized by a particular algorithm. The results of the review of the most common approaches to economic security assessment showed that economic security assessment should be based on a comprehensive, multivariate approach; because of the large number of internal and external threats a two-tier system of receiving and processing information is required; a method of obtaining and processing information, which will take into account the specifics of the company, the necessary amount of input information and an opportunity to obtain results must be developed for each level.
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Shcherbinina S. Reas of increasing of energy efficiency of residential construction.
The requirements for energy efficiency of residential construction in accordance with the regulations in the energy efficiency of residential buldings are investigated. The stages of development of Ukrainian regulations, despite the need to bring them into conformity with the requirements of the European countries, are presented. The possibilities of providing energy certification of buildings and the classification of buildings for energy efficiency are considered. It is noted that buildings that are being designed need the level not lower than "C".
The measures to improve the energy efficiency of residential buildings that can be implemented in two directions are deterrmined first, building energy-saving engineering equipment, systems, and elements of the building envelope, providing an opportunity of economical use of energy resources; secondly, maintenance of residential buildings and engineering equipment to achieve high performance of energy efficiency, energy regulation, energy monitoring.
The sources of funding for energy efficiency of residential buildings and economic instruments to encourage the development and implementation of energy saving technologies are studied. It is noted that choosing the best option of energy efficiency of residential buildings should take into account the value of investments, reliability, maintenance mode and the equipment.
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Mamatova L.S., Buts A.N., Diagnosis of the investment potential of the enterprise
The article discusses the need to create a favorable climate for enterprise to implement an independent investment and to attract investment from outside. Common features, stages of implementation and analysis of the investment climate, are presented
The play areas of investment activity in the contemporary economy play a greate role in the management of real investment in the investment attractiveness of an enterprise. An enterprise requires constant attention regarding the investment management, as investment activity and economic growth of enterprises are interdependent processes. The overall structure of the company’s investment dependens to a certain extent on the real investment and portfolio investment. In turn, the structure of investments forms financial position and efficiency of these investments. That is, it means that the share of investments, mainly in effective projects, must result in maximum benefits, in turn, the investment risk - to minimize costs. The first step in the implementation of the investment project is its economic justification, that is, the determination of its investment attractiveness for the enterprise. The methods of determining the investment potential, taking into account the methodologies developed by a group "Invest-Diagnostics", are considered
Thus, every business is influenced by market conditions, which may be favorable or not. But every company should independently determine the direction of investment activity and have at their disposal sufficient reserves to carry out investment decisions.
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MarchenkoI., MarchenkoY. Dynamic modeling of the effectiveness of investment and construction projects
The features of construction, as an economic process in terms of economic and mathematical modeling, are considered. The problem of choosing a set of investment and construction projects with limited initial value of monetary fund, and the concept of system dynamics method and its principles, are studied. The concept of a system dynamics model with are basic assumptions and causal relationship management model of investment and construction projects is determined. The complex of economic-mathematical models of managment, realization and estimation of investment-building projects has been developed. It allows to form every business-process of an investment-build project for a dynamic estimation, realization of choice of the most effective project, creation planning of project management and determination of expenses on labour payment taking into account timely implementation of the set volume of works. -
Makedon V. Conceptual approaches and instrumental methods of estimation of mergers processes and acquisitions by subjects of financial sector of economy
The pressing question of research of effective approaches and methods of estimation of confluence processes and absorptions financial entities is considered in the article. Within the framework of research cost approach that must be based on the calculation of market value of company during realization of transaction on confluence or absorption is separately distinguished. It is well-proven that the formation of sinergistical effect arises, when market capitalization of financial sector entity exceeds the sum of market capitalizations of its participants in comparison with previous capitalizations. Three approaches to the estimation of confluences and absorption of processes - profitable, comparative and expense were distinguished. The analysis showed that the basis of financial approach is the system of aims and tasks, and also indexes that determine the achievement of sinergistical effect. Within the limits of financial approach, an increase of net income and net money stream, an increase of profitability of activity and capital assets of financial sector entity are a criterion of efficiency. Certainly, that strategic approach must be based on methodologies quality of estimation of the activity and processes results carried out by market participants. Leading methods must be: the balanced system of indexes, cost corporate accounting and matrix analysis. It is proved that the application of these methods forms the choice order of optimal variant that provides a maximum sinergistical effect.
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Bohdanov S., Kotko D., Mashyn V.The comparative analysis of the administrative management principles effect on the activities of legislative body of Ukraine and the United States of America.
The article presents the elements of administrative management, proposed by the founder of the classical school of management Henri Fayol. Recent researches and publications of domestic and foreign researchers who were involved in the study of these aspects have been analyzed. The influence of the administrative management principles on the organization and activity of the legislative branch of government by the example of the two countries' parliaments - Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Congress of the United States of America has been comparatively analyzed. The implementation features of the principles of administrative management - planning, organization, government (delegation), coordination and monitoring - in state bodies of legislative power have also been investigated. The effectiveness of the application of these principles of administrative management in the activities of deputies meetings ofUkraineand theUnited States of Americahas been analyzed. The significant risks arising from ignoring the application elements of control from the administrative management in the activity of the legislative branch of the government in two countries have been identified. According to the research the significant influence exerted by the elements of control from the administrative management on the effectiveness of the legislative body activity has been identified.
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Parshyn Iurii. Determination of the equilibrium statesin the development of the economic system of national economy
The steady development providing of national economy is the basis of competitive economy. The investigations showd that decision forming which are directed on the steady development of national economy is related to the equilibriumstates state of national economy as a complex system. The conceptual positions based on the principles of the balanced development of the national economic system are the basis of steady development. The structural logical chart for the scientific ground of strategic decisions of steady economic development has been developed. The researches of efficient functioning of the economic system have been made. The formalization of different economic situations has been given. The equilibrium determination is proved to be the basis of steady economic development of national economic system. The determination method of the equilibriumstates state of national economic system has been developed. The efficiency production reduction in the conditions of the extensive development of national economy according to the analysis result of economic development with the use of the production function has been found. The hypothetical supposition about the dependence of isoquant and isocost positions by the equilibrium state has been given. The classification of the basic equilibrium states of the economic system has been formed. National economy is proved to be the economic system in non-equilibrium state. This research results are the basis of decision makingwhich are directed on the steady development of national economy.
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Hetmanenko Y. O., Mykhailyshyn L.I. To the question about the labor resource providing of innovative development of the global economy.
To ensure the effectiveness of international integration strategy of Ukraineand its proper positioning in the global economic system it is necessary to study the issues related to labor and resource providing of innovative development. The modern interpretation of innovation has undergone significant evolutionary changes not only in the sphere of direct influence on the production, but also in the sphere of socio-economic development of countries, their regional associations and the world in general. Specifics of innovative product, as a result of individual intellectual work is inextricably linked with labor relations that globally are manifested mainly through the emergence of migration flows of highly qualified personnel to ensure a greater level of payment of their own work. Two key aspects of labor and resource providing of innovative economic development in the context of globalization are investigated and in their turn explain the current trends of migration flows, reasons for changing demographic situation and, to some extent, causes of imbalances in the economic development of countries in the world. Such consequences play an important role in the determining the direction and structure of the migration itself and in the formation of public opinion and public policy in relation to it. The study of these issues and their further resolution enable the most efficient use of positive consequences of "intellectual migration" and optimize its negative impact on the socio-economic development of Ukraine.
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ENTERPRISE STRATEGY SELECTION USING THE PSYCHOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION OF CONSUMERS
In this article main attention is given to the method that has been forwidely used more than 20 years – VALS ™. Usually it is not enough to use demographic characteristics for segmentation, and using psychographic segmentation of consumers becomes relevant. Ziff (1979) argues that there is a pattern why certain segment of customers prefers one or other product, but the problem is that customer behavior is hardly predictable if appropriate instruments and technics are not used. It is not possible to manage business successfully if consumer preferences, their choice determinants are not known, McDonald,Dunbar(2005) says that it contributes for successful segmentation. Although other authors as Boote (1984) raise a question that psychographic segmentation of customers is still not enough, and values play a major role in their behavior. Also Park & Jang (2014) in their research found out that psychographic segmentation is not always static and extremely when satisfaction is taken to account.
The purpose of this paper is to conduct a study and make recommendations on how to reach consumers, what future strategy to use for the selected companies. The research was done inLithuania, with the VALS ™ survey, translated to Lithuanian language. Due to the study key user segments and their priorities will be identified. Using the guidance of VALS ™ it will enable to create a marketing strategy for selected companies. Also findings might be used for other subjects, such as new product development. It will be clear what the main consumer segments are what their needs are and, before deciding to introduce a new product, how to draw attention to it.
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Boiko O. The status of normative and legal support for innovative activity in Ukraine and its adaptation to the European legislation
The analysis of normative and legal support for innovative activity inUkraine, including peculiarities of the innovative legislation in the field of machine building has been conducted. The detailed analysis of the normative and legal framework for innovative activity of enterprises pointed to the numerous flaws that Ukrainian legislators have to correct towards rapprochement and integration of the national economic system to the system of EU countries. The article examines the legal mechanisms to support innovative processes in the economy of Ukraine through the creation of the concept of national innovation systems such innovative systems of developed European countries and the world, with subsequent widediscussion by Ukrainian society that will enable to engage citizens to the improving the national innovation system and unite society around this idea. Separately, emphasis is placed on their cognition of priority defense subsectors of machine building, around which other industries will work. The issue of legal ensuring for investment support of development and introducing innovations, reducing the tax burden on enterprises that implement innovations is separately considered in the article. The inconsistency of government action and legislative power that led to the outflow of investors fromUkraineis indicated in this paper. It has been proposed to finalize all regulation documents in accordance with the EU requirements and does not change them for a long period in order to get trust to theUkraineby foreign and domestic investors.
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Rovenska V., FedichevaV.Application of statistical estimation at the calculation ofpersonnel management efficiency
The problems of ineffective personnel management and the role of statistical estimation at the calculation of management efficiency are studied. The basic indexes of personnel management efficiency are considered, their systematization is conducted. The statistical estimation of the indexes of personnel management efficiency on the example of public joint-stock company «EMSS» is executed. The dependence between the average annual out-turn and fluidity coefficient is constructed. The changes of realized product volume as a result of the changes of average annual quantity and out-turn are counted. The conclusions in relation to expedience of the use of statistical researches at management efficiency estimation are drawn. Analysis and evaluation of human resource management is a necessary stage in the preparation of solutions to improve the personnel management system. The system of private indicators of the personnel management efficiency to construct a regression model should be formed. In the most general form the purpose of statistics in the study of the factors relationship in the control system is to quantify the presence and direction of these factors, as well as to characterize the power and influence of some factors on the others. To solve it can be used two groups of methods, one of which includes methods of correlation analysis and the other - regression analysis. It allows to measure the closeness of the connection between the features, identify unknown causes of the relationships and assess the factors that have the greatest impact on the result indicator, set the forms of dependence, define the functions of regression, use the equation for the estimation of unknown values of the dependent variable.
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Poyda-Nosyk N. The system of control and regulation of corporate relations in Ukraine and ways of its impact on the security of joint-stock companies
A general overview of the system of state regulation of joint stock companies (JSC) in Ukraine has been made. The main attention concentrates on clarifying the powers of the National Commission on Securities and Stock Market of Ukraine (SSMNC) namely such types of oversight procedures as prudential supervision, supervision of registration of shareholders and holding the general meeting. The system of protection of shareholder rights and enforcing those rights as stock Issuers has been described. It was proved that Ukraine's current system of regulation and supervision of the JSC is considered to be ineffective. First of all it is necessary to solve the problems associated with the lack of an effective system of monitoring and safeguarding the rights of shareholders, the slow development of the financial infrastructure, low share of organized stock market, lack of a developed stock depository and reliable systems. The author determined the main directions of state influence on financial security of JSC, including: approval of the general regulatory requirements of the stock market regarding of JSC as issuers of securities, creating the necessary conditions for their development and proper registration of securities ownership; ensuring the sustainability of the stock market through the development and implementation of state policy for its development; formation of organizational and legal mechanisms to protect the corporate economic interests, corporate rights and preserve the integrity of the company; formation mechanisms and opportunities to improve corporate governance and, consequently, improve management of JSC financial security. The necessity of adjusting the strategy of state regulation of JSC's functioning and its focusing on streamlining of JSC’s relationship as issuers of securities and investors (shareholders) and the regulation of corporate relations and corporate governance in joint stock companies in general, was indicated. -
Taraban K.Production potential as a factor in improving the competitiveness of the logistics system engineering enterprise.
This paper analyzes the formation and use of the productive capacity of the machine-building enterprise. The company is a complex open dynamic system, which is a subsystem of a more complex macro. In turn, the machine-building enterprise is a complex dynamic system, which is characterized as a relatively autonomous and local, institutionally and economically unified education system in the internal processes of which economic activities can be carried out. To improve the domestic industrial enterprises and to increase their stability it is necessary to enable logistics activities, the main base of which is the production potential. The article deals of the relationship with the productive capacity with the logistics system of engineering enterprise. The concept of an engineering enterprise potential is revealed. Groups of factors ensuring the entire business spectrum are snown. The structure of the productive capacity of the machine-building enterprises is revealed using functional-resource approach is investigated. The importance of productive potential in terms of a systemic approach. The indexes determining the level of efficient of use of the machine-building enterprise production potential.
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Belous-Sergeeva S.Intellectual capital management of the industrial enterprise
Intellectual capital management strategy generates its effective use for the enterprise. Intellectual capital includes knowledge, skills, experience, qualifications, which, in turn, are realized in labor productivity and improve the company's competitiveness in the market. Forms and methods of management of intellectual capital affect the market value of the enterprise, the level of capitalization, the competitiveness of the industry. Intellectual capital management of the company is primarily a systematic approach to determining the use of tangible and intangible assets, the full use of the experience and all information assets. Lack of attention to issues of intellectual capital management strategy can lead to a loss of competitiveness and bankruptcy. Intellectual capital management strategy forms the rational use of knowledge, experience, capacity, thereby creating new value, implemented in products. The basis of the functioning of the entire intellectual capital (IC) companies is human capital. To manage intellectual capital a system solving certain problems is needed. CRM is a system that provides a set of tools. The effect of the implementation of CRM is manifested in the fact that the decision-making process is transferred to a lower level and unified due to automating. Economic and legal methods and tools, structured in acts of organizational and administrative influence, form the organizational management mechanism. Intellectual capital management tools include: policy research and technical development of the organization. Planning of scientific and technical progress is made through the development and implementation of the organizational and technical development - one of the sections of the company plan. Intellectualization of modern management techniques in the real sector of the economy is the restructuring of the formation of intellectual capital.
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Kolosok V., Trusova Ya. Development of the system indicators to measure the competitiveness of integrated industrial enterprises
The article presents questions and features of the indicators system development to assess the level of competitiveness of industrial enterprises in an integrated structure. This problem has not been studied and, therefore cloesn’t have any, developed tools to solve the objectives. The specifics of this issue is primarily determined by the peculiarities of the functioning of corporate structures and relationships between companies within these associations, which significantly affect the system of indicators to measure competitiveness, requires changes and improvements of existing techniques, as well as developing new ones. According to the results of the holding and integrated enterprises strategic directions comparative analysis of the, taking into account the trends in the development of MMC Ukraine, we propose to consider the strategy as the main component in the development of indicators system. The choice of a hierarchical model of data is chavacterized by the use of multi-criteria analysis method of hierarchies as a tool for assessing the competitiveness of integrated enterprises. The use of multi-criteria methods solves the problem of latency (concealment) index of competitiveness, in the problem of inaccurate measurement of competitiveness through any single indicator, which will depict its properties in the proper way. Consequenty the assessment of the competitiveness level is a multi-factorial (multicriteria) problem. The presented hierarchical model of indicators allows to estimate the competitiveness of the integrated enterprise, considering the important aspects of its business, and to identify trends in the formation of competitive advantage.
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Vasylyeva T., Tsyhanyuk D. Effectiveness of monetary regulation of inflation in European Union.
Authors analyzed the effectiveness of monetary regulation of inflation in Europe. Analysis of the objectives of monetary policy in Ukraine testified priority of ensuring stability of the exchange rate in comparison with other purposes. Since the introduction of Ukrainian hryvnia monetary policy was aimed at ensuring the stability of its rate. As the observance of low and stable inflation is an essential Maastricht criteria countries of the European Union were chosen as the basis for retrospective analysis of monetary inflation regulation. The dynamics of inflation in 1999-2014 and the practice of using the basic monetary tools in the EU were analyzed. These tools are key interest rates of the central bank, open market operations and banks’ refinancing. The volumes and rates for refinancing loans in the European Union, the impact of official interest rates on credit and deposit rates were studied. It was empirically confirmed that the interest rate policy of the central banks has a decisive influence on price stability in developed European countries. The reasons of low efficiency of monetary policy for inflation regulation in Ukraine are found. These reasons are high dollarization of domestic economy, huge shadow economy, high speculative demand for foreign exchange resources and limited resource capabilities of the NBU -
Melnichenko G. Investment as a tool for greening regional development
Problems of environmental activities in each region should be solved on the basis of national objectives and taking into account the peculiarities of the environment. In order to ensure sustainable use of nature regional environmental policy should be aimed at formation of the resource and financial potential in every region to solve the major problems of socio-economic development and environmental activities. The article deals with the problems and peculiarities of investing in environmental activities inUkraine, the differences and identiiesy concepts of "investment climate territory" and "investment attractiveness of the territory and the region." The basic conditions of environmental policy for investors are determined. The investment policy objectives of the region are formulated. It is the policy control of environmental impact and environmentally sustainable development is necessary for mitigation projects that involve the creation of new infrastructure. Mechanism formation problems of the regional policy of sustainable environmental management in modern conditions require environmental funding activities, at the regional and local levels and create favorable conditions to increase investment activity and investment resources. Development of initial investment policy options concerning environmental protection and further investment in this area is an interactive process, which is subject to adjustments based on the proposed results. In order to get a complete picture of the benefits of environmental investments, ecosystem restoration as a process must be integrated into the overall system planning and socio-economic development. The idea of investment in Environmental protection activities consistent with the economic interests of all natural potential users. Economic criteria in solving environmental protection tasks should primarily be based on the best implementation of nature conservation programs allowing to invest bunds in improving the environment
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Parshina Margaret. Determination of Ukraine regions type by the products indices
Efficiency of strategic decision making at the state level depends on scientifically grounded regional policy. Important stage at the complex forming of tactical and strategic decisions and also at regional policy development is the region typeforming.
The researches method with determination ofUkraineregions typehas been developed. Informative databases have been formed. АВС-analysis, Pareto principle and matrix method by the regions classes forming have been used. The indices of industrial and agriculture products as the basic criteria have been accepted. Three classes: class A (products volume to 80 %), class B (next 10 % of products volume) and class С (last 10% products volume) have been formed. Regional potential efficiency has been taken into account during researches. Two matrices «Volumes of the realized industrial products – Volumes of agricultureproducts» and «Volumes of the realized industrial products – Gross value added» as the results of conducted researches have been given. An unevenness has been proved to be the efficiency index of the potential use of some Ukrainian regions.
The results of the conducted researches allowed to select the following four types of regions: regions with high level of industrial and agriculture products; regions with the dominant industrial products; regions with the dominant agricultural products and mixed type regions.
The basis of regional policy forming have been formed by four region types.
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Gonchar V., Kalinin O. Problems and prospects for the development of tourist services marketing in Ukraine
Tourism is a service sector which earns a substantial foreign exchange to developing countries.Ukrainecan become an interesting destination for the international tourists with its unique nature beauty with backwaters, mountains and beaches. To make the tourism a great success one has to take advantage of the modern technology to full extent.
Present paper is an attempt to market Ukrainian tourism by adapting the service marketing approach for achieving great success. The prospects were described for the development of tourist services in marketingUkraineon the basis of the tourist market research and analysis of the major trends in tourist flows. The development of the tourism sector is constrained by unfavorable visa regime for tourism, regional gaps in the regulation of the tourism industry, the lack of information and promotional activities inUkraineabroad. Focusing on the global tourism market has declined, there are possibilities of mergers and acquisitions among the top tourist destinations. The main force in this market will be vertical integration, which will give a significant competitive advantage integrated structures over the non - integrated ones. This trend can be seen as a positive for the globalization of Ukrainian tourism market, but the negative fact is that the global market of the major tourist countries monopolize it, as is evidenced by the presence of big transnational companies.Ukrainecompetitive advantage is the high level of tourist resources security, especially to enter the recreational and healthy segments of foreign markets. The strategic goal of the tourism industry in Ukraine can be defined to create a globally competitive tourist complex that can meet the needs of the tourist population, in full term and to provide a marketing promotion on the basis of an integrated development of the territories and their social and economic interests, while maintaining the ecological balance and the historical and cultural environment.
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Kosareva Tatiana. Logistics strategies of an agri-food sector
The use of logistics agri-food complex strategies in order to ensure their competitiveness in today's business environment by enterprisers has been considered.
As evidenced by the study, enterprises agricultural complex logistics system of enterprise is not organized as applied in fragments, is characterized by low efficiency, due to objective circumstances. The main reason is a lack of under standing by officials of weight to use tools of logistics to ensure competitive advantage in the market.
Logistics department, and therefore the relevant personnel who can design and implement logistics strategy, provided vertically integrated structures (agricultural holdings) and individual businesses medium-sized businesses. Such enterprises, even in the absence of self-developed logistics strategy used its classical version.
Different ways of implementing the selected of given logistics agri-food sector. Manufacturers (in order to preserve their own market positions) are forced to react quickly to rapidly changing political and economic inherent in modern economic conditions. Enterprises can consider using the new logistics strategy (taking into account the time factor); partially or completely abandon the chosen logistics strategy (eg, failure of outsourcing). In addition, on the basic ofon the current sourcing companies can consider various options for changes to the previously selected ways of implementing logistics strategy.
The author's vision ofsolving this problemis to developways to implement theadaptiveenterpriselogisticsstrategies. Future plans considerefficiency options for adaptive ways of implement in glogistics strategies for different companies an agri-foodsector.
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Filipishin I. Economic Analysis in the Design and Monitoring of Business Plans
The article deals with the role of developing a business plan in the development of the enterprise, organization, firm or company. The article reveals possibility of a business plan to identify ways and means to achieve these goals; to maximize the competitive advantage of the enterprise; to prevent erroneous actions; to keep track of new trends in economics, engineering and technology, and use them in their work; prove and demonstrate the validity, reliability and the ability to implement the project; to mitigate the impact of the enterprise weaknesses; to determine the need for equity and cash; to take protective measures against all sorts of risks in time; to use innovations in its activities; objectively evaluate the results of industrial and commercial activities of the enterprise; to justify the economic feasibility of the enterprise development. The article also identified the importance of economic analysis in business planning: analysis of a business plan aimed at obtaining, compiling objective information about the state of the enterprise, while the economic analysis allows to link together all the benefits and costs of the future of the company, not only for it itself, but also for the state and society; that is precisely the economic analysis provides the basis for determining the areas of business development, choosing the most favorable option of investing and evaluation of plan indicators. The need to monitor targets for achieving the objectives is also pointed out in the article.
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Tolpezhnikova T.G., Marchenko Y.Y. The Concept of Organization and Valuation of Credit Activities of Banks in Ukraine in the Context of Globalization.
Was reviewed and analyzed the current trends of development lending activities of banks according to the processes of globalization. The concept, which promotes effective development lending activities of banks inUkraine, the organization lending activities of banks, identify and characterize its basic principles. In order to achieve the task and the evaluation of the banking credit activity, a system of evaluation of the activity areas: loan and investment portfolio of banks and financial evaluation of bank lending. There are characteristics of indicators and ratios loan and investment portfolio in the article. Considered a memorandum of credit policy, as a method of lending activities. The above method of estimating the credit activity of the bank, which can be used to obtain information about the patterns and trends of lending activities of banks. To improve the efficiency of credit activities of banks in Ukraine, the main directions of its organization, it is noted that it is the clarity of the credit policy and credit procedures documented in the corporate regulations, will help to reduce the risks of lending activities, improve the profitability of the banking business.
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Logutova T.G., Kargin B.B Intellectual technologies: problems of development and ways of implementation in Ukraine
The article presents an analysis of implementation of intellectual technologies into the Ukrainian economy, the problems were defined and the ways of their solving were substantiated. It was shown that Ukraine has a big promising domestic market of services, owing to a big size of population and business process that are being livened up. Domestic needs for designing in the domain of intellectual technologies is capable of creating a large number of jobs, though at present their implementation remains at the initial stage. It was found out that Ukraine is behind other countries, rivaling at the global market, in preparing IT-specialists. Besides, a substantial outflow abroad of highly-qualified specialists has been observed for an essential period of time. Ukrainian higher educational institutions possess a great potential in training specialists in popular specialities, but the quality of training still remains a big problem. It was shown that export of services may and should become one of the dominating articles of Ukrainian export. In case of the correct governmental support this is bound to make our economy more integrated into the processes of the world economy. Moreover, it is desirable to carry out restructuring of the systems of management and automation of industrial enterprises that up to now employ programmes, elaborated in the former USSR. The desire of Ukraine to join EC will make their rearranging, in accordance to the modern European Standards, where advanced information technologies were implemented long ago -
INVESTMENT CLIMATE IN UKRAINE IN CASES OF FORCE MAJEURE
The article deals with the problem of deteriorating investment climate inUkrainein force - conditions or in conditions of instability. The dynamics of foreign direct investment inUkraineandUkraine. It is concluded that there is a significant outflow of capital fromUkraine. Direct foreign investment inUkrainedecreased significantly. The reason for this condition is unstable political and economic situation in the country. The structure of FDI inUkraine.
The main suppliers of FDI on the domestic market ofUkraineareCyprus,Germany, andNetherlands. Such state is explained by the tax niches, which exist in their territory (offshore harbor). Embedding FDI fromRussiadue to the desire to acquire Russian structures of the enterprise or shares in the capital of Ukrainian enterprises. The share of other countries in the volume of FDI inUkraineis less than 10%.
The technological renovation and modernization of production depends on the availability of FDI and its real growth. Thus, the innovative activity of the enterprises of the industrial sector influences mostly on the environmental security of the country.
In general, the current situation is pushing to very unpleasant conclusions. A huge number of local industries, which are already not suitable to operate under any circumstances and should be closed or upgraded due to physical deterioration, as they are already real sources of operational and environmental accidents and disasters are concentrated inUkraine. Their impact can surpass the results ofChernobyl in the 21st century for a European country with a population of 46 million people. It can be argued that the "critical point" for them has already been passed. The current situation with the technological upgrading industrial enterprises, infrastructure, social services, etc., is in a condition when business owners and government agencies buy ready-made technology easier than invest into the scientific sphere. This conclusion at the right approach is to make the government to change the attitude to the formation of the national budget, and to the investment-innovative policy of the state as a whole.
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Grygorenko E. Analysis of external and internal factors determining machine-building enterprises’ crisis
The paper shows that financial condition ofmachine-building industryhas deteriorated significantly over the past several years. Consequently, crisis state ofmachine-building enterprisesis caused by externalnegative factors, as well as the internal ones, that affect thefunctioning of these enterprises and their further development too. The overall purpose ofthis paper is to analyzeandassess the impact of the external and internal factorson the formation of the financial and economic situation of machine-building enterprises. The internal and external factorsthat determine machine-building enterprises’ crisis are investigated. The correlation and regression are used to determine the actual relationships between the variables, which are as follows: the index of industrial production of the machine-building industry enterprises and producer price indexesfor all machine-building products, and the total volume of mastered capitalinvestments, and the producer price indexof industrial production(electricity). Analysis of thequality of the modelled us to the conclusionthat it is empirically adequate andcan be used toanalyze the impact ofexternal factorson the formation of machine-building enterprises’ crisis. We did exactly what needed to be done in order to find a solution to this problem: the correlation and regression models were built to determine the strength of the relation between various internal factors and the financial indicators, which are connected to machine-building enterprises’ crisis, including the rate financing, the return on assets and the Beaver ratio. On the basis of the analysis of the qualityof the constructed models it is recognized that theyare quite adequate andcan be used toanalyze the impact of the external factorson the financial and economic situation of an enterprise. The findings of the study indicate that the proposed correlation andregression models, which includefinancialindicators and ratios,have the following advantages: they are basedon a comprehensive analysis; they are ableto identifyenterprises thatare experiencing financial difficulties and having a hard time; and, finally, they make it possible topredict themovement ofthe machine-building enterprisestowards bankruptcy -
Khadzhynov I. Overview of Ukraine's foreign trade: challenges and trends
This paper examines the current trends of development of Ukraine, the analysis of external and internal risks forming an economic situation of the country, defined assumptions and risks of development of Ukraine in 2014-2015 years. Events in Ukraine creates spillovers for all CIS countries and their major trading partners. In case of further instability increases the risk of infringement of trade and financial ties in the region. Sector sanctions on Russia and geopolitical tensions lead to a decrease in investment activity in Russia, curtailment of investment projects and the withdrawal of foreign capital from the Russian market. Restrictions on imports introduced by Russia of Ukraine, the EU and the US will face strong inflationary pressure on the economy of Russia. However, even effective implementation of programs of import substitution, which, according to Russian economists, could be a stimulant to the economy of Russia, will not achieve tangible effects in the short term. Failure to prevent the risk of re-tangible depreciation, it is hoped that it will stimulate a bit cheaper Ukrainian producers and export activities will reduce the demand for imported products that will help in the short term some adjustment of the foreign trade balance.
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Shaulckaya L. Implementation of the Concept of decent work on the basis of ensuring competitiveness of human capital assets
Article is devoted to problems of ensuring decent work on the basis of growth of human capital competitiveness. The main characteristics of the Concept of decent work are generalized. The model of providing prerequisites of implementation of the Concept of decent work due to growth of competitiveness of assets of the human capital is developed. Actions for realization of this task in the conditions of an unstable situation in the country are offered. The need for the formulation and implementation at all levels of balanced and modern personnel policy that focused on the principles of decent work. Certain types of personnel policy of the company, as the search, selection, recruitment, its assessment provide the enterprise human capital formation through the involvement of employees with a certain level of education, health, knowledge, skills and more. Education, training and rotation system of personnel policy should contribute to the accumulation of human capital necessary enterprise that has a competitive advantage. Modern personnel policy, based on the principles of decent work has enriched challenge of rising competitiveness of human capital. The benefits from its implementation will be substantial for the working population, which is the bearer of human capital and for legal entities, which is its "user." In this task, all participants are interested industrial relations. -
Volkov V., Goroshkova L. Domestic experience of state support of metallurgical area: experience and prospects
In work the domestic experience of support of metallurgy is analyzed and the opportunities of effective interaction of branch and state are determined. On the basis of the carried out analysis in work the offered directions of interaction and support of black metallurgy on the part of the state. Is proved, that with the purpose of increase of a level of economic safety of metallurgical branch it is important to use available opportunities for preparation of the Ukrainian black metallurgy for varied conditions of a competition. For such preparation the dialogue of government and metallurgical companies in the decision of questions of interaction of metallurgy with branches power complex, transport, branch of mechanical engineering and construction is important. On this basis it is possible to adjust interaction in metallurgy, to normalize current by functioning of the enterprises and decision of reproduced problems in an iron and steel industry. Is established, that the strategy of development of black metallurgy can not be reduced to the program under to build of capacities under perspective meanings(importance) of demand. In conditions globalization of world economy, complication of needs of the consumers, it is necessary to prepare for rivalry on a home market on the part of the metallurgical companies of other countries. The success in this rivalry will be determined dependent between itself by the technological and organizational factors of competitiveness of domestic black metallurgy. Is shown, that a key strategic task for an iron and steel industry becomes orientation not so much on the future offer of resources and demand for production of area, how many on perspective conditions of struggle and for these resources, and for the consumers, which have this demand. The realization of these conceptual bases will ensure constant economic development of Ukraine at the expense of increase of a production efficiency, increase of competitiveness of production in the external market, positively will have an effect on activity of areas, which consume metallurgical production on a home market, will ensure proof economic increase an internal product, will increase volumes of receipts in the budget of the country and currency receipts, which as a whole will assist increase of a level of economic safety of the country.
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Valeriya Lytvyn. Quantitative definition of sustainable development level of savings system
In clauses the considered features of definition of the basic parameters of sustainable development level of savings system. At formation of methodology of an estimation of stability of development of national system of the savings it is offered to use benchmarking approach, at which it is expedient to analyze not absolute meanings of level of the savings within the investigated years, and to carry out comparisons of annual rates of increase of a parameter in percentage (dynamic indexes).
On the basis of the given rates of increase of volumes of the savings during 1996 - 2011 with use of statistical parameters (relative and saved frequency), certain optimum rates of increase of the savings.
For delimitation of sustainable development of system of the savings it is offered to use results of the analysis of uniformity sample including meanings of rates of growth of volumes of the savings in national economy. Thus, the level of reliability equal half of confidential interval for general average arithmetic rates of growth of volumes of the savings inUkraineis offered, to consider as borders of savings system sustainable development of a national economy.
In work the methodological bases are offered and is carried out quantitative estimated of parameters of a sustainable development level of national system of the savings. Is established, that the rate of growth of volumes of the savings changed within the limits of 10,75 - 223 %.
In work the methodology of definition of sustainable development of national savings system is developed. For definition of absolute meanings of sustainable development level of savings system it is offered to use a parameter of relative frequency. Is established, that optimum it is possible to consider rates of increase of volumes of the savings 101,95 %; 117,15 %; 147,55 % and 162,75 %. For delimitation of a constancy of development of savings system is offered to carry out the analysis of uniformity of sample of meanings of rates increase of volumes of the savings in national economy. Is determined, that the borders of steady development make 120,85 % - 168,75 %.
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Kapranov L., Shilin A. Implementation of forms of protection of intellectual property in the process of technology transfer
The article, based on the experience of outstanding Ukrainian scientists and legislative acts in the field of protection of intellectual property rights are the basic theoretical aspects of intellectual property protection in the process of technology transfer. Noted that the increase in the number of intellectual property rights, increased competition in the markets for goods and services, and increases the number of violations of the rights of intellectual property. Are typical of copyright and related rights, which give rise to judicial protection. Tracking techniques are given rights violations of intellectual property rights in the process of technology transfer. Are the steps that are defined by the legislation ofUkraineas unfair competition, and for which the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine imposes fines and attracts violators to administrative and civil liability. Pointed out that unlike some Western countries, inUkraineis no patent court, but there is the practice of creating judicial boards on intellectual property, for example, the Supreme Economic Court of Ukraine. In these colleagues are working judges who have special training in intellectual property and therefore can competently resolve disputes on intellectual property.
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Bogdanov S.M., Overchenko A.I. The increasing efficiency of freight terminals as a factor of transportation system optimization
The article presents theoretical foundations of transportation and its relation to logistics. The article tells about role of terminal systems in up-to-date functioning of enterprises and especially of those enterprises that are concerned with the transportation of production. This work defines the essence of terminal transportation as a factor of increasing efficiency of transportation system. There are outlined logistic services of terminals and the main types of them in Ukraine. Taking into account the importance of implantation of effective ways of transportation in activity of major national enterprises, there is described the present-day position of terminal systems in Ukraine and accordingly the problems that they can collide with. Also the examples of successful foreign companies are considered, which experience, methods and knowledge could be the way of increasing efficiency of freight terminals functioning in Ukraine. To improve the terminal’s work there are suggested the ways of their optimization. The detail analysis induces to make a conclusion that the implementation of the set of criterions or requirements for terminal’s work is expedient for Ukrainian freight terminals. Accordingly there is worked out and suggested the set of requirement for the terminals in this article. It can be conditionally called TQE that means technology sophistication, service quality and allocative efficiency.
