No. 30 (2015): ВІСНИК ПРИАЗОВСЬКОГО ДЕРЖАВНОГО ТЕХНІЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ. СЕРІЯ: ЕКОНОМІЧНІ НАУКИ
Published:
2016-07-26
Статті
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ТИТУЛЬНА СТОРІНКА
Титульна сторінка -
ЗМІСТ ЗБІРНИКА
ЗМІСТ ЗБІРНИКА -
Voloshin V. S., Belopolsky N.G., Klenin O. V. Conceptual foundations of the economic program concerning recovery of Ukraine from recession
Current work highlights the conceptual foundations of the economic program concerning recovery of Ukraine from recession. Foreign experience of the leading world countries regarding recovering from crisis and particularly experience of the USA recovering from the Great Depression are presented. Necessity of increasing the quantity of the manufacturing small and medium-sized businesses is proved. Substantive activities of the manufacturing businesses are presented. Ways of conquering the internal and foreign markets are proposed. Role of the state in supporting small and medium-sized businesses is highlighted. Main ways of increasing salaries, pensions and welfare payments are found. Main problems as to lowering the goods and services prices are found. Role of science and scientists in raising the country’s manufacturing capability is displayed. Optimization of the tax policy, which is the key factor of the country’s manufacturing capability, is proposed. Necessity of the optimization of the tax policy as the key factor of the country’s manufacturing capability is determined. Directions of recovering Ukraine from recession are proposed. -
Voloshin V. On the question of social and biographical nature of money
Current article reviews the questions concerning basic aspects of the sociality of money and their biographical nature. It is noted in article that the occurrence of money may lunch any national economy. It makes money the most important tool of the national, domestic and foreign policy. Money entitles the state not only to conduct internal and external trade, but also makes it more intense, effective; it provides any ruler with instrument for influence on economic and policy of the neighboring countries; it enables any ruler to interfere into social relations. Examples of the biographical nature of money and its influence on the development of the entire economy are shown. It is concluded that the unique property of money lies in their inexplicable ability to get all kinds of people involved in its sphere, cross their destinies where they would never otherwise cross, deform them, elevate some of them and destroy others. In this regard, money is beyond any competition in its degree of impact on people’s lives. By these factors, an immense personality and biographical sociality of money are emphasized. No other artificial object in the nature possesses such a degree of sociality as money does. In this aspect, money forms social appearance of our society. Many of its features is nothing but a manifestation of the unique properties of the phenomenon, which is called - money. -
Goroshkova L., Volkov V. Target- and kaydzhen-costing in system financial controlling of the enterprises
In work is shown, that use target- and kaydzhen-strategy will allow effectively to organize, to supervise and to carry out managing influence on complex system, what the housing and communal services of the country is. The essence target-costing consists in an establishment of the target cost price. On the basis of the known or given price and desirable size of the profit the target cost price is established, on which achievement and there should be directed efforts of a management. The application of this method will allow to reach minimization of expenses and will result them in an acceptable level. The essence kaydzhen-costing consists not in achievement of the certain size of limiting expenses, and in maintenance of continuous qualitative improvement of business-processes and expansion of participation of the workers in it. Is proved, that in view of specificity housing and communal services, in our opinion, the application of the specified methods is expedient for carrying out simultaneously, instead of depending on a stage of life cycle of service.
Is constructed mathematical model of kaydzhen-strategy in a housing and communal services with use of diversified model of a national economy. Is proved, that is necessary to carry out managing influence on such elements of complex system, as: voter-sewer, municipal power, housing and operational manufacture, urban electrotransport, road, external illumination, accomplishment, household service, hotel etc. The offered model can be used for an estimation of influence on general result of functioning housing and communal services of the investigated basic parameters in view of the entered restrictions. -
Huzhva I. The conclusion by Ukraine of bilateral free trade agreements on: tools for integration into international trade in goods and services
The article deals with the features of using by Ukraine of bilateral free trade agreements to strengthen the competitive position of domestic producers in international markets and ensure the effective integration of national economy into the global economy. The trade cooperation development between Ukraine and other countries in the framework of existing agreements on free trade is analyzed. Prospects of further development of the negotiation process on signing new free trade agreements with key partner countries are outlined. -
Tolpezhnikov R., Balashov M. Providing innovative proactive management on industrial enterprises
Expand features operational management of a company, it is an innovative approach to policy management. Strategy does not focus on the localization of the problems and threats, and one that is aimed at preventing their occurrence. Management in this way allows to anticipate events in their occurrence. The difference between a reactive approach to management and a proactive approach, given the structural characteristics and advantages of the examples of economic activities of metallurgical enterprises depicting the use of these models in terms of competition in the markets for the client are described in the article. It is concluded that in Ukraine, unfortunately, proactivity is still considered as negative quality, this is due to the mentality and social attitudes. Based on proactive is, first of all, ambition, which leads to the front despite all obstacles and difficulties. At the time when Western companies are in its composition only ambitious people to management positions, do not hide their preferences in an attempt to occupy the highest post in the Ukraine, such people are often considered upstarts and selfish. As world experience pointed out, proactive companies achieve more in business than their reactive competitors. This is what determines the relevance of the study of proactive management and the search for ways of its implementation at the domestic enterprises. That shift from reactive to proactive management should be a priority for the Ukrainian company, it will allow much faster to overcome the negative effects. -
Antoniuk D. Subcontracting and outsourcing as mechanisms of institutional business infrastructure in terms of megaregional integration of Ukraine
In a mutual opening of markets and the creation of free trade zones in the megaregional Ukraine's integration into the EU, accompanied by a loss of competitiveness of its products and the advent of cheaper and quality imported counterparts, was shown an effective tool is the development of cooperatives of small, medium and large businesses basis of outsourcing and subcontracting . The analysis of their place in the institutional infrastructure of entrepreneurship was made. A suitable instrument for development co-operation between small, medium and large businesses was developed. -
Кapranova L. The current state of the global energy market in the global system
The article made an analysis of the current state of the energy market in the global system. The main countries - the leaders of export of energy resources. Presents the factors that affect the state of the global energy market. It was determined that the developed countries have more opportunities to provide safe, affordable and clean energy and balance energy sustainability. They pay great attention to the transition to renewable energy sources, including hydropower and nuclear power. It can be assumed that the most important trend of world energy will further increase the share of electricity in final energy consumption - this is the most convenient-to-use form of energy will displace all the others. It concludes that for the participants of the global energy market, regardless of their scope and objectives, it is qualitatively different period, requires finding new algorithms of actions to overcome the current challenges arising in the social, political and technological spheres.
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Tolpezhnikova T. Features of marketing of foreign economic activity and ways to improve it.
There were considered and analyzed the distinctive features of marketing in foreign economic activity in the current economic conditions in the article. These peculiarities of marketing of foreign economic activity as a factor in increasing the efficiency of the enterprise. The above step of standardization of international marketing mix, based on international experience. It is noted that in most cases at the domestic enterprises marketing boils down to the usual sales. It was noted that marketing management requires a change because of the fact that the mobilization of market mechanisms in the production sector of the enterprise is far ahead of the intensity of the introduction of directly to the production of science and technology. Crucial to the success of marketing activities is the organizational structure of the company's marketing. Occupying a special place in the overall organizational structure, marketing, at the present stage is a leading feature of the enterprise, provides competitive advantages in both domestic market and foreign. A model of gradual improvement of management of marketing activities of the company, which makes serial conversion marketing services businesses -
Soloshenko P. The role and importance of intellectual property in the preservation of the copyright in scientific works
This article discusses issues that affect the preservation of the copyright in scientific works. There were significant aspects of intellectual property rights in respect of copyright. The main legislative acts in compliance with copyright and related rights. It was determined that the main problem for Ukraine in the sphere of intellectual property rights is the observance of copyright and related rights. At the moment, Ukraine does not comply with a number of international recommendations in the field of intellectual property, which is a very big problem. It is concluded that the global spread of counterfeit and pirated copies reduces the profitability of economic activity and reducing the number of jobs, inhibits innovation, international trade and investment. Protection of copyright and related rights at the national level contribute to the fact that consumers have access to the continuous emergence of innovation, original and safe products. -
Bondar Iu. Essence of risk management in ensuring economic security
In the article the essence of economic security and outlines the place of economic security in its overall system. Indicated that the economic security of the enterprise has the features of economic security of the state as a whole, namely to meet the real economic needs of society at a level not below the critical limit, provide economic independence of the state, confront existing and emerging suddenly dangers and threats.
Studied approaches to the definition of economic security and conducted the comparison on the basis of which it was stated that economic security can be considered as: 1) protection against economic crime; 2) the state of protection against internal and external threats; 3) state the effective use of resources or capacity; 4) availability of competitive advantage; 5) implementation and protection of economic interests.
Based on the analysis, the author noted that the economic security of enterprise can be defined as a state enterprise in which is formed according to the presence of potential businesses available internal and external risks, the emergence and existence of which is due to external and internal environment. For values of conditions, the author determined that in order to strengthen the economic security of the enterprise, it is necessary to minimize the effects of emerging risks in the enterprise and formation of system management, which would be able to identify risk in the company and if possible reduce it during the decision-making
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EVALUATION OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES: STUDENTS POINT OF VIEW
The health of a country's population is one of the key elements of human capital and economic development. A healthy and economically active population of a country can productively use its competencies in economic activities, increasing work productivity, improving their qualifications and overall functioning score (economic outcomes). The aim of this research is to characterize the changes of health care sector services in Lithuania in the context of the European Union Member States (EU-27) in the period of year 2005-2013 according by income quintiles, to describe the cause and level of satisfaction / dissatisfaction with these services in Lithuania, separating groups by income quintile; and to introduce the results of the questionnaire survey, describing patients – medical students – opinion about given primary health care services. Year 2005 was chosen as a base year for the comparison of statistical data.
The answers given in the study characterize the quality of health care institutions and doctors services. It has showed that 97.3 % of the youth trust doctors, it means that they are satisfied by the quality level of health care services and it meets the patients’ – medical students’ expectations. -
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE TURNOVER AND PRODUCTIVITY IN THE ORGANIZATION
The analysis in this article is aimed at employee turnover, which, despite not being a new concept, is a major problem in the management of human resources and has drawn the attention of a number of practicians and researchers worldwide. Keeping its employees is one of the most significant problems for every organization. The market itself creates obstacles in finding qualified and motivated specialists and managers; once found, their loss is even more critical for the organization. Finding a formula for solving the problem is a difficult task which has no simple answer, as well as most processes in personnel management, but the solution most probably goes through changing the attitude to it: from being a significant budget cost to becoming the most important productive resource for the organization. Bearing in mind this point of view, the research does not focus on empirical data for measuring turnover; rather it aims at revealing its characteristics and influence on employee productivity in the organization. -
Kravets С. Factors of concentration of production on the enterprises of Ukraine
Systematized exogenous and endogenous (which in turn are divided into subjective and objective) concentration of production factors that affect these processes. Endogenous factors suggest divided into objective and subjective. Objective - those the occurrence of which is independent of the regulator. Subjective factors that make up the vast majority, are totally dependent on business management. The factors are exogenous environmental investment attractiveness, scientific and technological progress (NTP), the state of competition in the industry, government regulation, changes in demand for products, the development of information technology and industry affiliation. Subjective factors of the internal environment influencing the process of concentration of production at enterprises include: the motives of the company, changes in ownership structure, changing the type of production, technological dynamics. The objective factors include the availability of production concentration risks, availability of production and investment resources. The basic motive of concentration of production is a synergistic effect, range of benefits resulting from consolidation of organizational structures at all levels of the hierarchy. The main causes of failed processes of concentration are: overestimation market potential and synergies, synergies underestimation of concentration of production, overestimation synergies in income and in reducing costs, erroneous financial calculations and market assessments or wrong strategic choice for enterprises of production concentration -
Kudyrko L.P. The regulatory component of change in the role of a periphery and semi-periphery countries in the international trade
Regulatory component in achieving effectiveness of countries participating in international trade is investigated. Significant role of foreign economic sector for the economies of the so-called periphery and semi-periphery in view of the possibility of expanding the capacity of the internal market by exports, resource supply of domestic production by importing necessary raw materials and equipment, overcoming the civilizational gaps in consumption and technological development is substantiated. It is found that, the poor development of peripheral societies is not only the result of their archaic structure of the economy, but also is caused by historically formed trade, economic and production relations with developed countries. It is systematized the results of empirical research on division of integrated states in international trade into countries of center, periphery and semi-periphery with distinguishing key characteristics and indicators of development. It is defined that the differentiation of country groups by the criterion of their integration into the world economic relations allows doubting in position of the liberal regulatory concept of undeniable direct link between liberalization, liberal model of foreign trade and high level of prosperity and competitiveness of the entire group of countries. It is determined that on the background of the prevailing international economic space configuration there is growing tendency of reformatting by strengthening the economic capacity and promoting the role of rapidly progressive network of countries of global periphery. Based on the experience of the groups periphery and semi-periphery economies it is identified the possibilities to overcome their resource dependency and access to new civilizational trajectory by implementing the strategy of leadership. It is ascertained completeness of existing regulatory model of participating countries in international trade and identified prospects of transition to new trajectory, covering a wider range of civilizational values. -
Bessonova S. Research activities and problems of metallurgical enterprises in the energy saving
The article examined legislative documents regulating the issues of energy efficiency, energy saving, innovation orientation, scientific and technical support of the industrial sector. Analysis of the activities of metallurgical enterprises allowed to ascertain a significant reduction in production capacity, it had an impact on the reduction of energy costs. A comparative analysis of the average daily production of the international manufacturers of such kinds of steel products such as: iron, steel, rolled products. We investigated the cost of steel products, identified rising costs, the production cost components. The analysis of the measures aimed at reducing the cost of steel products. The main areas to reduce the cost of steel products are to reduce consumption of imported gas, production optimization, the rational use of transport, the introduction of resource-saving technologies, modernization of production facilities, implementation of investment programs. Associates from external borrowers enables enterprises to invest in capital investments to reduce the environmental burden on the environment. The lack of working capital reduces the rational use of natural resources. The analysis of the environmental performance of the steel industry. It is proposed to leave the environmental fee in the city local budget. Receipt of funds into the local budget will improve the ecological situation in the region. Analysis of the debt of the budget metallurgical enterprises. Studies have shown that a lack of return from the budget value-added tax leads to an outflow of working capital, which has a negative impact on the financial condition of enterprises. The deficit of working capital leads to an increase in accounts payable to suppliers of raw materials, electricity, staff wages. There is a need to reduce the negative labor. To eliminate debt before the budget metallurgical enterprises, it is necessary to cancel an order to disconnect from the system of automatic reimbursement of value added tax. Resolving this issue will enable enterprises in the metallurgical industry to direct current assets by implementing energy efficiency projects, and implementation of energy efficiency measures -
Tkachuk V. Organizational and economic background of the development of main forms of business on rural territorries
Agro-Industrial production refers to the main areas that form the economic potential of the country. The development of market conditions, competition in the agricultural sector creates various business units throughout the processing chain of agricultural production, also on the basis of small and medium businesses. Evaluation of the economic situation in the country shows a significant increase of the role of the main forms of business among other forms of agricultural businesses as a special resource that can ensure economic growth. In step of transformations the development of small and medium business promotes competition and rational economic structure, the formation of the middle class, alleviate unemployment, the growth of budget revenues at all levels, etc. In addition to the need to improve the efficiency of the main forms of economic activity in the rural economy we must recognize the need for development of small and medium-sized businesses in the non-agricultural sphere as the main element of economic diversification of rural areas for the welfare of rural residents, preservation of rural areas -
Cherep A.V., Lashkarava V.V. Methodical bases of estimation of efficiency ecologically clean production on enterprises of engineer
In the article the analytical review of methodological bases assess the effectiveness of cleaner production in enterprises, defines the main methodological provisions implementing cleaner production brought the need to integrate environmental and natural-resource factors in the decisions taken by the business, and comprehensive assessment of their effectiveness has led to the development of the concept eco-efficiency, defined the concept of eco-efficiency (efficient use of natural resources), examined the importance and dimension parameter MIPS, to determine the consumption of natural resources at the border of the food chain, in place of extracting resources from the natural environment, as well as throughout the environmental life cycle product or service is indicated implementation of the concept of eco-efficiency shows the calculation of the ecological and economic efficiency of production processes, definition of ecological and economic harm, displayed calculation of efficiency of economic activity that is reduced through pollution, considered the environmental component of socially necessary costs, ie costs society caused by the negative impact on the natural component of production and consumption of products, provided the calculation of the total economic loss (damage) of pollution, given the methodology of evaluating the effectiveness of cleaner production in the enterprise, defined costs to prevent environmental and economic damage and costs of liquidation and compensation for the cost of eliminating the consequences of those contaminants, which could not be avoided, shows the level of environmental violations that meets the minimum total environmental costs, the definition of efficiency of environmental measures, the necessity of applying the method of direct regulation and technical and information base for developing appropriate measures -
Taranenko I. The strategic objectives of the EU Energy Union in the context of the global energy market
The article shows that the transformational changes that occur in the global energy market, due to: reduced demand for energy in the world economy; changes in the structure of energy sources; emergence of new countries among leading energy producers. Changed environment requires market participants to make relevant strategic solutions. The analysis of strategic goals and objectives and mechanisms of forming the EU Energy Union, proved their compliance with modern challenges and most important trends of the world energy market. It allows us to consider the EU Energy Union as an important factor of the global energy market development. Comparative analysis of strategic goals and objectives contained in the "Framework Strategy for Resilient Energy Union with a Forward-Looking Climate Change policy" (2015), "Energy 2020. Strategy for a competitive, sustainable and secure energy" (2010), and the Strategy "Europe 2020" (2010) shows the continuity of the EU strategic targets in the energy sector and evolutionary nature of its development. Experience in implementing strategic initiatives and instruments of the EU Energy Union, primarily – LNG hubs, "Projects of common interest" in energy infrastructure, the initiatives "Global excellence in making policy decisions on energy efficiency» and «Shift2Rail» – less green-house gas intensive modes of transport, as well as the European industrial initiatives in the energy sector, after their appropriate adaptations, can be used for Ukraine's integration into the integrated European energy market, to increase Ukraine's energy independence and energy security -
Lyubchuk O. Personality resource as means of developing entrepreneurship activities in Ukraine
The paper considers the nature and importance of small business for further development of economics in Ukraine. The specific features of developing of small business in Donetsk region before launching ATO (Anti-terrorist operation) are defined. The author analyses the dominating nature of monocentric concentration of small business in Ukraine. Such situation is explained with development of regional centres infrastructure and its insufficient development in the regions. The role of business-incubator set up at higher education institution for training entrepreneurs is described. The author focuses on the importance of conceptual approach to training future entrepreneurs. The main point in the concept is training specialists in Management of Organisations who are able to establish their own company.
Realisation of this concept envisages carrying out psychological monitoring of the entrepreneur potential and development of specialized training programmes. Research of the entrepreneur potential was based on the approach put forward by Natalia Belskaia (Kostuk Institute of Psychology of National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine). The analysis of the entrepreneur potential as a collection of personality traits has been performed. Structural components of the entrepreneur potential – professional orientation, intellectual ability, emotional intelligence, communicative skills, business capability, internality – have been described. The author made comparative analysis of entrepreneur and management potentials. Specific features of the above potentials have been defined. Management potential includes orientation towards management activity, creativity, and assertiveness. Entrepreneur potential includes orientation towards entrepreneur activity, ability to achieve goals and business qualities of entrepreneur. Monitoring of entrepreneur potential allowed to highlight 3 groups among the participants: “psychologically prepared”, “potentially prepared”, “not willing”. The necessity of conducting communicative training and training of business qualities of entrepreneur for “potentially prepared” has been identified. -
Kyslova L. Characteristic of the structural megatrends in development resource and productive capacity of the world`s steel market
In this article is underlined the specific characteristic of the ferrous metals in the world`s market, that’s why we need a systematic approach to research them. Estimated not only the structure, characteristic and current trends of the world`s steel market, but also described the cooperation result of its details as a system. Researched the world`s ferrous metal market as a single system in the international exchange of the ferrous metal products between producers, intermediaries and consumers, which cover the market of raw material steel products, semi-finished and finished steel products. Pointed the main segments of ferrous metals (raw steel products market, the markets of steel and semi-finished steel products). Factors of the transforming structure in ferrous metal market: attraction to the world market of raw material countries, which are developing; corporate strategies of the largest steel companies; consumption changes of steel product in different countries depending on welfare and overall technological level of national production. Researching dynamics of the resource and production potential the world`s ferrous metal market there are some features of its development like: increased competition on the global steel market production, by expansion the world`s supply; strengthening the processes of consolidation and transnationalization in the global steel industry; increasing governmental intervention in the trade regulation of steel products. -
Markina I.A., Somych M.I. The economic attractiveness of the agricultural sector of Ukraine in conditions of global challenges
The paper presents the study of some aspects of the economic attractiveness of the agricultural sector of Ukraine as a leading player in the global agricultural market in terms of global challenges. The basic trends of the modern world agri-food development, offer as opportunities so current and future risks of farmers and the agricultural market.
The necessity of increasing complementarity in the relationship of small, medium and large landowners, their production and non-production infrastructure were described. It was proposed to use not only the land bank but a gross product.
According to the proposal it was presented three main groups of agricultural holdings that made their comparative characteristics of individual indicators of production and financial activities. High business activity demonstrates the level of holdings of foreign direct investment, which is an indicator of economic attractiveness of the ratio of the return / risk in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The main preconditions and consequences of increased activity cooperation of the European Union and Ukraine, including as a reaction to the loss of a significant part of the market of the Commonwealth of Independent States were determined. It was proposed to use the analytical table that concentrates in a dynamic study, structural indicators and multiplicative attractiveness of the agricultural sector. Determined that the lack of development of the internal market while critically high openness of the Ukrainian economy (especially its agricultural sector) is both opportunity and significant threat to national security because of the extreme dependence on unpredictable global markets investments and food.
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Mykhailyshyn L. Systemic transformations of transnationalization in modern imperatives of innovative development.
The necessity in investigating systemic transformations of transnationalization in modern imperatives of innovative development is called by high dynamics of the development of the conditions of modern world economy functioning. This is firstly the activity of TNCs and the development of innovations which provide high competitiveness of the companies that use them and mostly rationalize the use production resources. Mutual connection of innovations and TNCs ’ activity are explained for the first time by that the firsts need new and financial resources with more volume, the others are reliable and interested by their source. Within such cooperation and is formed a number of different operation, as for dissemination of innovation of economic globalization and the operations and their specific system components form innovative development. In the article there are investigated the specifics of implementation of these operations and there is done the analysis of factors which cause transformation processes in modern conditions. According to the results of such investigation there are revealed modern imperatives of innovative development and the ways of their use in the activity of transnationalization subjects revealed. -
Shafieva L., Directions of working-out the strategy of innovative development of enterprise in fruit and berry sphere of production
The paper investigates the need to use for a strategy of innovative development of the enterprises in fruit and berry sphere of production. Definitely, various forms of innovation, innovative directions and rules of activity of the enterprise should be planned for the achievement of the purposes of the enterprise, or the very purpose of the strategy has an innovative nature. If the investment resources are used, the strategy can be included to the type of investment. It was proved that the strategy of innovative development of resources is the development strategy of capacities, including the development of the productive apparatus, labor and financial resources, and the like. Strategies of the third direction reflect the consequences of implementation of enterprise strategies for the environment, society and international relations. Enterprise strategies may contain, to a certain extent, components, which help to achieve social, environmental and other effects. The set of indicators for measuring the effectiveness of implementation of such strategies is defined. Methodical regulations of the implementation of the strategies of innovative development of production capacities are worked out. It was determined that an innovative strategy of development of production capacities should be in obtaining the best economic results, that means - the maximum efficiency in the conditions of unstable external environment and in accordance with the dynamic production system. This new strategy of innovative development of production capacity can be called a strategy of maximum economic efficiency of the functioning of production capacity of a dynamic system. It is proved that the present stage of economic development must meet the strategy program of innovation and organizational development, and not a strategy, which consists of a set of individual measures. Such a program can be a proportional innovative development of capacities -
Ganna Duginets, Rielina Iryna. The impact of international migration on economic development of Ukraine
It is noted that in the coming decades, demographic changes, globalization, and climate change will lead to increased migratory flows both within national borders and beyond. It is concluded that allowing workers to move to where they are productive, migration contributes to the increase in aggregate output and income. But losing educated workers with experience, the country - the donor loses not only valuable resources, but opportunities for further development also. The research determined that one of the positive trends for the donor country in terms of emigration of the working population is the increase in revenue in the form of remittances. The analysis found that there is a dependence of economic development of Ukraine from obtaining funds of our migrant workers. This trend has significant negative consequences for Ukraine, as the conditions of employment of staff reduction will reduce revenues to the state budget, so the "budget hole" will grow together with the dependence of Ukraine on foreign loans. It is proved that among the people leaving, there are mostly highly skilled workers, who help to manage the optimization of vital economic processes in the country through rationalization of the use of the necessary resources and time. It is concluded that a further increase in the number of migrants from Ukraine adversely affect the economic development of Ukraine, as it can lead to an increase in the hole in the budget by reducing tax revenue -
Ryabik Anna. Formation of competitive advantages as the targets in the strategic planning process of competitiveness
The paper describes the sequence of selecting strategies to achieve competitive advantages depending on the external and internal environment. It is concluded that there is a certain contradiction in the existing approaches to solving problems of competitiveness strategic planning. Some approaches allow choosing competitive strategy from a theoretical point of view. However, they are more descriptive, thereby they reduce the value of the application of the model itself. The other approaches are more successful in terms of their application; however, they lack theoretical justification of quantitative results, which reduces the probability of choosing the adequate strategies to achieve competitive advantages. The author provides a solution to this contradiction by a methodical approach study of competitive strategy. Its main advantage is the optimal combination of the used theoretical approaches and the reasonableness of the results with the possibility of their effective application. Under this approach, the problem of justification of a strategy to achieve competitive advantages is expected to be solved in two stages. The first phase suppose carrying out a comprehensive assessment of the competitive position of the company, which will be the informational and analytical basis for the next phase. The second step is to select specific options for addressing strategic gaps between the expected and the actual level of competitive advantage. The characteristic feature of the offered approach is the real participation of business units in real-world business processes that can simultaneously handle objects and relationships, rather than a simple set of elements. -
Davydyuk L.P. The process the forming of global job market under globalization: the space-methodological aspect
The theoretical and practical aspects of the impact of globalization on the development of the global labor market are reviewed. Interpretation of scientific approaches to the meaning of «global labor market» such an economic category are analyzed. It is concluded that in modern economic literature there is a problem of using and interoperating of category « world labor market». It is determined that the most common interpretation of the term «global labor market» is such – it is a system of relations that develop between countries concern harmonization of supply and demand of labor, regulation of international flows of labor, wages and social security on the background of globalization process. The basic factors of global transforming the world labor market forming are allocated. Determined that in the regional components of global labor market are forming its regional segmentation, the largest of which were Western European, American, Asian, Middle Eastern, and African. In the structure of the global labor market according to the skills of workers distinguish two main segments: the global market of skilled and unskilled labor. All of this and more requires the development and implementation of a single unified international legislation in the field of labor -
Sotnichenko L.L It is system the integration approach to region management in transport potential
In the article it is proved that world practice testifies, what exactly knowledge, the intellectual capital become the powerful catalyst of scientifically-technological and economic development, increase of competitiveness of the different organisations. Competitiveness and development of an infrastructure of concrete region in the nearest and far prospect will be defined largely by quality of management, an effective utilisation of progressive methods, technologies, achievements of modern management. Creation of new quality of a regional government by an infrastructure according to the developed methodology needs to be carried out by means of the concept. Realisation of researches, working out carry to functions of the organisations of sector of higher education and realisation of educational services. For normal functioning of interaction of the state and private sectors accurate is standard-legal regulation and organizational maintenance of interaction of participants of the project in the field of an infrastructure is necessary. Deficiency of qualified personnel is one of the basic obstacles for modernisation of an infrastructure and introduction of innovations. It is proved that for Ukraine expediently not only to adopt experience, but also to expand use scales the PPS. The mechanism which defines interaction of the organisations of the state, private sectors is offered and sector of higher education by creation of the coordination centre - the isolated controls the PPS. -
Vereskun M. V. The effectiveness of investments in information security: problems and solutions
The article made a comparative analysis of the main advantages and disadvantages of three methods for determining cost effectiveness of information security of industrial enterprises. Two methods based on the use of aggregate indicators: ROI (Return on Investment - return on investment) for a certain period of time, TCO (Total Cost of Ownership - total cost of ownership of assets. Also used the method developed by Gartner Group. The main advantages of ROI is: the ability to predict results and complexity of IP-used indicators. The main disadvantage is the lack of opportunities to determine the value of the confidential information. The main advantages of the indicator of TCO are: better opportunities to account for all possible costs and the ability to justify the expenditure at different levels of readiness of the protection systems. The main disadvantages of the indicator TCO: problem-lichnosti selection of two projects that both reduce costs and the lack of accounting for the impact of risks. The main advantages of the methodology Gartner Group: accounting for the impact of risks and the ability to determine the effectiveness of system security for all levels of the company. The main disadvantage of this method is that it is based only on the analysis of possible risks.
It is proved that the use of any one technique does not give a complete picture of the effectiveness of spending on information security. The conclusion about the necessity of improvement of existing methodologies for assessing efficiency, the main focus of which is their joint use. To do this, the paper proposed an improved methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of investments in information security, which is based on the procedures of the optimal choice of the protection system, the risk assessment during implementation of the selected alternative and evaluation capabilities of the enterprise regarding making a certain Fig-cov. To facilitate practical implementation of the developed approach in the article the algorithm of its realization. -
Shushpanov D. Education as a social and economic determinant of health
The place and the role of education in the social and economic determinants of population health and the necessity of working out of the directions of improvement the literacy in the field of health preservation in Ukraine are substantiated in the article. The peculiar properties of education as a determinant of health are found out. They are connected with the impact on health directly through the availability of knowledge about the health risks, the possibility of disease prevention and ways of their treatment, and indirectly through the ability to obtain a higher employment status, income, expanding of social contacts. The materials of a sociological survey "Current status and determinants of health of the population of Ukraine", conducted by the author in August 2015 are also partially analyzed and covered. The results of the work showed a correlation between the level of education of respondents, their social status and income, which again confirmed the necessity of a systematic and complex study of these issues. The dependence between human development in early life (till 16 years), the education, received at this age, and the state of his health in the future is presented. The importance of education for the formation of social capital and health preservation is substantiated. The relationship between the level of education and the presence of chronic diseases among the population is demonstrated. The measures for the improvement of literacy in the sphere of health preservation among the population of Ukraine are proposed -
Skrypnyk M. Application of the principle of hierarchy in the development of management reporting production enterprise
The article considers the question order of formation of management reporting of production enterprise. Defined and studied the forms, content and principles of management reporting. Proposed the form of management reporting that allow you to assess the activities on a certain date. Taken into account the fact that reporting provides data that do not take into account the time period between the transaction and the receipt of information about it for the adoption of the necessary management decisions. According to the above, shown the need for principles and targets of efficiency, which contain information on the activities of industrial enterprises that will track changes in it. Consequently, higher-level management report generalizes all reports of lower levels, that contains detailed information about the causes and culprits identified deviations and measures for the elimination of these deviations. Detailed analysis of these issues leads to the following generalizations. Proposed the forms of management reporting for multi-hierarchical system of four-level production enterprise management: area, workshop, main production and the enterprise as a whole, which will allow to get necessary information with needed detalization quickly and efficiently, namely, with minimal cost for decisions taking at all production enterprise management levels. -
Kuzmina O. Principles of formation of the system of strategic management of a balanced development of industrial enterprises
The analysis of the totality of the scientific principles of the formation of a strategic management system. Structured some general and specific principles of the strategic management system. General principles for the strategic management of balanced development (system, adaptability, optimality, scientific, interrelationship and interdependence, information security) are formed as the basic requirements for building a system based on a systematic approach to strategic management, management theories take into account the provisions of balanced development. Specific principles of strategic management of balanced development (flexibility, efficiency, complexity, rationality, openness to innovative transformations, efficiency, control) enhance the effect of general and are intended to control the various socio-economic phenomena and processes in accordance with the requirements of the successful development of the enterprise. The use of industrial principles of balanced development of strategic management will lead to the operation of all components of the system in the long term to enter the new quality management and development.
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Kolosok V., Chepaykina N. Forming the budgeting system for the enterprises as part of holding group
The article states the problems of forming the budgeting system for the enterprises as part of holding group. The guidance of budgeting process system construction has been worked out for the enterprises as part of building blocks of the holding company. Consideration was given to principles of budgeting organization in the enterprise in order to raise efficiency of integrated companies control and to ensure conditions of holding companies net profit increase. Phased buildup of budgeting system forming with due regard to characteristic features of the companies which are part of the holding group has been offered.
It was revealed that the general lack of existing methods of budgeting is that they apply to the company as a separate, independent business entity, therefore can not be fully utilized for the construction of the system of budgeting enterprises (units of assets) of the holding, since it does not take into account the peculiarities of data integrated structures. The budget process in an industrial plant requires a corresponding revision in view of the conditions imposed. Integration processes of the economy, leading to consolidation, business combination in holding structures indicate the need to improve existing methods and approaches to budgeting system -
Anisimov I. Ukraine's state policy on the development of innovation in the economic crisis
The article describes the main components of the innovation policy of Ukraine, its shortcomings and contradictions in the economic crisis. It is noted that the basis of structural economic changes is the state innovation strategy and an active science and technology policies of different industries, focused on the development of advanced new technologies breakthroughs. It is concluded that for an economy based on administrative-command methods of management, the conditions of innovative development are mainly coercive measures. In a market economy conditions prevail, creating economic measures and legislative measures. Proposed measures to reform the innovation policy of Ukraine. The aim of the national state innovation policy is to create an effective mechanism for the use of domestic innovative capacity as well as to attract foreign advanced technology, combined with the natural resources, human and scientific potential can enhance the overall competitiveness of the country. It was determined that the search ways for Ukraine to enhance the efficiency of public policies to promote innovation related to the solution of the following problems: the need to develop a focused regulatory functions of the state in the field of research and development activities; imperfect mechanism of competitive selection of budget funds; low demand for innovation in the national economy; corruption and bureaucratic barriers to the availability of access to fiscal stimulus of innovation; inadequate funding of science and technology -
Gladkykh D. The potential global market of mineral fertilizers in the economic crisis
The article discusses the global fertilizer market segment and its features, the basic types of fertilizers and given their basic characteristics. The main purpose of the author brings an objective assessment of the conjuncture and prospects for further development of the market of mineral fertilizers. Analyzed the main areas of production and sale of fertilizers. Fertilizers are a classic commodities, international trade which actively carried out since the mid XX century. The main factors that contribute to an active international trade this category, is the uneven distribution of raw materials for the production of certain types of fertilizer (potassium, phosphorus) and the relatively low prevalence in the world. The crisis has significantly affected a significant reduction in the consumption of fertilizers, but the main problem - the low prices for agricultural products, which have emerged during the crisis. These prices do not allow farmers to buy fertilizers at a higher price. However, the development of this market has a pronounced progressive nature -
Tokhtamysh T. Actual questions of the establishment of the exchange rate regime of the national currency
In the article was researched the exchange rate regimes of the national currency by the method of the IMF and domestic practice. It was determined that the most common modes are fixed and floating rates. It indicates their differences, which is the degree of capture of the central bank's official commitment to support the parity of the exchange rate through currency intervention. It is noted that the methodology of determining the exchange rates has been the International Monetary Fund. The latter was developed two classifications determining exchange rate regimes: de-facto-classification and de-jure-classification. Identify their strengths and weaknesses. The analysis was researched changes in the content of the de-facto-classification, 1999 and 2009. Given the characteristics of the establishment of exchange rate regimes in Ukraine and offered the tools to implement them. The main factors of influence on the currency, which are divided into three groups: factors that form the course, regulatory factors and critical nature factors. It was determined the degree of influence of each factor on the currency of the country. Factors that form the course determine the optimal state of supply and demand of foreign currency, which is prone to stability or gradual, internal conditioning and the intended change. Structural factors affect market conditions due to changes in factors that form the course. These tools are used directly by the state to achieve certain goals in its economic policies, but their effectiveness is increasing in an environment where the economy is in a long-term equilibrium. Critical nature factors arise in violation of dynamic equilibrium of the economy and, in turn, weaken the effect factors that form the course and reduce the impact of regulatory measures of the state. -
Diachenko O. Harmonization and simplification of national practice customs procedures in the context of European integration
Changes that have taken place recently in the customs legislation of Ukraine in order to adapt to international and European standards were analyzed. In particular, the provisions of the new wording of the Customs Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine "On Customs Tariff of Ukraine" were analyzed. Is emphasized that the simplification and harmonization of customs procedures, practices are important for international trade and economic development. The importance of the provisions of the International Convention on the simplification and harmonization of customs procedures for the further development of relations between customs authorities and business was stressed. The detailed analysis of international regulations on customs allowed to conclude that in recent years Ukraine has made a significant step forward in adapting national laws and customs optimization of customs procedures with international and European standards. Modern terms used in the revised version of the Customs Code of Ukraine agreed among themselves and with the provisions of the Kyoto Convention, and therefore domestic customs terminology adapted to some degree international -
THE METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL LAND USE EFFICIENCY OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
The article presents methodological principles of economic, social and environmental land use efficiency of the agricultural sector. The author’s definition of land types in Ukraine is presented as to their participation in forming the added value of the land interest entities. The author’s own system of criteria for the land management efficiency assessment in the agricultural sector has been developed. The criteria of economic efficiency include: land productive capacity; productive motivation; diversification. The criteria include social efficiency: productivity; motivation; sustainability. The environmental efficiency criteria include: human- induced impact, i.e. chemical fertilizers treatment per 1 ha; soil fertility recovery, i.e. land quality according to ball-bonitet; harmonization, i.e. growth rate of the eroded lands. Multiplicative indices, mainly included as components of the aggregate indicators of economic, social and environmental activities in the countryside, first suggested for this analysis, were introduced into the calculation for each efficiency type. The essence of these indicators is the ability to assess the intensity and action force of land relations entities. The developed methodology is the basis for determining the integral index of the country’s (region’s) land resources management efficiency. -
Prypoten V. Y. Human resource management of regional customs.
A modern customs policy, which requires optimization of use of labour and financial resources, rational placing of basic customs organs, assistance in development of economy of the country as a whole is represented in raising of problem. In the article the casual character of loading of custom organs during the month, week or even one shiftwork, that can lead to formation of considerable turns or not complete loading of the state is described. A basic task is taken to research and choice of rational chart of placing of personnel, on the basis of prediction on preliminarily incoming freight customs declarations. The analysis of CC (Customs Code) of Ukraine is conducted. The data about regional customs are taken for basis, concordantly article 14. The spectrum of approaches which brought significant contribution to development of management by custom processes is investigated. The basis of the article is made by the account of stochastic factors, determining the system of maintenance of custom control and construction on their basis of regional structure of management the state of regional customs. Authors conducted research of model tasks of theory of mass service, and studied the stream of requirements, entering is regional customs. The sequence of events of the attendant system is educed. Basic attendant channels among which points of parking and removable inspector are determined. The criteria of service quality, by minimization of number of standing cars are described. The amount of necessary inspectors for providing of absence of turn of cars is expected. The estimation of expenses for organization of trouble-free work of regional customs is conducted. The conclusions about sufficient exactness of the offered methodology, which will allow to minimize expenses, provide effective work of regional custom and drafting of necessary manning table, and also considerably to increase an economic effect are drew.
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Prypoten V. , Yzumov I., Stochastic model of diagnostics of economic indicators of small enterprise
Basic contradictions, at diagnosticating of indexes of small enterprises, are determined by means of scope of all activity of enterprise and receipt of the aggregated information for control of destabilizing factors and realization of necessary actions by the most effective method. At problem description the authors mark, that the basic difficulty in these contradictions is placed in cause-and-effect relations of economic objects, and the change of one absolute indexes not always is transformed in results the rests. Thus, the construction of the diagnosting system draws considerable economic expenses. Analysis of the last researches and publications, allowed to get the applications of possibility to use the methods of economic analysis, features of construction of models and use of information technologies. Finishing stage of process of diagnostics is the definition of executive and horizontal connections between them, which is accompanied by the construction of algorithm on the rules described in the article. This process allows to define the separate stages of works. Realization of diagnosticating of small enterprise on the basis of results of past periods does not give a high-quality estimation and considerably reduces obtained results, that entails a search and development of new mathematical methods and informative approaches to solve the problem. Creation of dynamic model allows in the on-line operation to define negative factors. A basic idea of the article is the development of new methodologies, the determination of basic destabilizing factors in the systems of diagnosticating of the economic state of small enterprise. As a result of the conducted research, the methodology of diagnostics of the economic state of small enterprises is presented, by a base element, which is a stochastic model of enterprise. On basis of continuous estimation of correlation properties of entrance indexes of small enterprise the harmonic main functions by means of which on a model the test is conducted are formed. On results of tests with the set exactness (probability of the stable state), diagnosticating of small enterprise is conducted. -
Kul’baka V. Ukraine infrastructure economic restructuring in the condition of financial, social and political crisis
The article deals with the issue of international loans to Ukraine, first of all, the IMF and World Bank loans. The economic analysis of the reasons which force international financial organizations to cooperate with the countries that have the lowest credit rating, including Ukraine, has been conducted in this article. The article considers the main macroeconomic errors of country leaders during the war and search of effective ways of revival of production and improvements in employment of population. To exit from the economic crisis has: to stop the process of obtaining loans IMF and World Bank until the full implementation of its external debt obligations; develop a mechanism to attract the domestic currency resources; develop a program to stimulate the national production of goods and services, drastically reduce government spending on the system of governance; at the state level, create a program for the protection of foreign investments and property rights, including intellectual property from illegal encroachments themselves as public authorities. -
Lyashov D.О., Ivanuschenko D.О. Features personnel evaluation industry
Studied approaches to the development of performance criteria. It was found that the high importance of the criteria due to the need for objective, complete and comprehensive assessment, as insufficient or congestion evaluation criteria not adequately define the role of a manager in the company. The main criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of management activities. On the example of LLC"SRZ" a statistical analysis of plant personnel. The main tendencies and problems of staff. Based on the data proposed measures aimed at improving the performance of the enterprise; ensuring key positions for highly qualified employees through the introduction of the card competence, staff retraining and the creation of a personnel reserve; reducing staff turnover during implementation of adaptation beginners, mentoring and grading -
Kalyuzhna N. Export potential: an approach to the interpretation of the concept
In terms of active search for ways of economic recovery of our country, it is necessary to identify common patterns that are fundamental to the study of the export potential of the country as an economic category. Clarifying the notion of essence of export potential will help systematize approaches to the interpretation of the concept of potential in the economy. Existing approaches to interpretation of the potential entity are systematized in the following areas: the resource approach (the potential as a set of resources); the resource-oriented approach (the potential as a resources system, which is aimed at a particular purpose); the resource-scoring approach (the potential as a resources system, which is maximizing a result); the potential as ability; the potential as a possibility; the potential as a socio-economic characteristics. The analysis of existing approaches shows the expediency of their integration considering defining features. The comprehensive approach to the definition of "potential" in the economy is proposed. Under this approach, the notion of "potential entity" is defined as a set of possibilities entity in a particular area due to the presence of relevant abilities secured system of economic resources, and to achieve certain socio-economic results. According to the proposed comprehensive approach the export potential is defined as a country's ability to create and implement on its outside scope of economic benefits of good quality, based on availability of system comparative advantage in the international division of labor, and aimed at the development and support of sustainable competitive position in the global market. Proposed definition takes into account the country's export potential and its key features is the basis for identifying and evaluating sources of formation and development of export potential -
Pechulyak Y., Iksarova N. The peculiarities of international marketing at the domestic enterprises
In the article the essence of international marketing and its features are analyzed. Differences in concepts of international marketing and marketing, which is used in the enterprise in the domestic market are determined. Approaches to international marketing management process are generalized, including the implementation of the peculiarities of individual management functions in international marketing, and the formation mechanism of international marketing strategy of firm is analyzed: assumptions, principles, key stages of strategic decision-making in international marketing and strategy formation are generalized. The main factors that influence the effectiveness of international marketing management, which include, qualified manpower, readiness of the enterprise to focus on consumer marketing orientation penetration in other areas of management are determined. Directions of improvement of this process at the domestic enterprises in the context of the reform of Ukrainian companies with customers in domestic and foreign markets are proposed -
Gonchar V.V. Methods of staff evaluation in the formation of a marketing strategy for the company
Research showed that in modern conditions of managing of the enterprises the human capital plays an important transformational role. The human capital acts as labor, managerial staff and consumers of production. Methods which are the cornerstone of analytical tools of staff evaluation can be generally divided into four groups: the general scientific; the quantitative; the high-quality; the combined. On the basis of the analysis of foreign experience of staff evaluation expansion of techniques of an assessment on domestic industrial enterprises due to use of the concept of enterprise lifecycles of I. Adizes is offered. There was offered step-by-step technique of carrying out staff evaluation which consists of eleven phases focused on one of aspects of activities of the enterprise. These phases are parts of the system approach allowing to give the company on the stage "Blossoming". A key factor of success on this way is selection of management team by the principle of a complimentarily, a capability to bring together conscious and independent people and to create conditions for their effective work. The analysis of activities of the metallurgical enterprises of Ukraine showed that the majority of them is at a maturity, and some are close to a recession stage. Heads of the metallurgical enterprises first of all need to pay attention to financial and economic strategy of development review of stages on which training processes, stimulations and motivations of the personnel begin. -
Potapova N., Onishchenko V. Economic essence of the transportation service and its influence on economic development of region
In the article the importance of a transport infrastructure for state economy is reasonable. It is underlined that efficiency of functioning of economy of the state in many respects depends on a transport level of development. It is allocated five directions on which there can be an influence of an infrastructure on long economic growth. It is noticed that the infrastructure as addition to other of production factors can be shown in two forms. On the one hand, infrastructure modernisation is capable to cut production costs. On the other hand, the good condition of an infrastructure increases productivity of other factors of production, including the capital, a labour and cumulative factorial productivity. The theoretical and practical analysis have allowed to draw a conclusion on ambiguous positive influence of a transport infrastructure on economic growth. In certain cases the best availability from the point of view of time and costs had even negative displays. The conducted researches show that an infrastructure - the important determinant of roughness in incomes and economic growth. Exact influence can depend, from infrastructure type. Consideration of the literature concerning growth models has allowed to receive the information on how on microeconomic level, the transport infrastructure could mention economic growth and productivity growth. Namely, the transport infrastructure could reduce shipping charges which expenses of a private sector allow to cut down and to increase specialisation and degree of a division of labour. Specificity of a transportation service stipulates necessity of quantitative reflexion for system of indicators of display of three levels of interpretation of a category "transportation service" depending on a type of transport and group of interests of consumers: a blessing version, an activity version, a kind of economic relations. -
Makarenko M., Shayhatdinov A. The analysis of practice of management of knowledge in leading ports of the world.
In the article significance of knowledge for the enterprises of marine branch is reasonable, after all the important feature of the enterprises of navigation is the close connection with many areas. On the basis of researches of American firm KPMG Consulting throughout 2008 - 2010 of a condition of a control system by knowledge in the different enterprises of the world it has been established the purposes which put before itself the enterprises, introducing into activity system of management of knowledge. So, the investigated enterprises a main purpose have noted increase of competitive advantages. Thus, protection and improvement of a competitive item demand constant training and perception of knowledge. The international practice knows many enterprises of a sea transport which have already introduced a control system of knowledge in the activity and have received positive result. Research of practice of activity of the greatest ports of the world which already during significant time skilfully apply system of management of knowledge became acknowledgement of this fact. It is defined that to components of a control system of knowledge carry: the human factor, technological possibilities and organizational work. It is established that main purposes of introduction of system of management of knowledge at the enterprises of marine area is profit increases, labour productivity growth, growth of satisfaction of clients, growth of a level of development of workers, etc. Therefore it was pertinent to conduct research of these indicators. Consideration of directions of functioning of system of management of knowledge in four greatest ports of the world, has allowed to draw a conclusion that introduction of management of knowledge considerably increases competitiveness level. This fact it has been confirmed by the quantitative data. After all, all considered ports show high indicators of activity. -
Lysyy A. Management of a cargo turn-over in the conditions of winter navigation in the Azov sea
The necessity of use for management of industrial activity of seaports of the analysis and forecasting of seasonal processes is reasonable In the article. The statistical data which show essential reduction of a cargo turn-over of ports of sea of Azov in ice conditions are cited. "Channels-vessels-environments" are analysed structure of transport system. Necessity to consider a principle of the guaranteed safe management by an ice caravan on dangerous plots of a waterway at the expense of improvement of methods of an effective utilisation of ice breakers and an order of movement and as consequence of forecasting and increase of an overall performance of ports of sea of Azov is underlined. It is noticed that management of caravans of courts bases on experience of marine practice in the winter, and procedure of an ice pilotage on shipping routes till this time remains independent. Some aspects of transport activity connected with increase of an overall performance of fleet in ice conditions are allocated. By results of the carried out expert estimation of the indicated aspects, the most perspective selects management of courts for safe swimming during the winter period of year by work of ice breakers on harmonisation of throughput of marine channels and waterways. The made definition of concept, principles of necessarily safe functioning, structurization and management of system of an icebreaking pilotage. The special approach to formation of a choice of an effective evaluation procedure of popularity of courts in the conditions of ice conditions which meet the requirements of continuous planning and regulation of work of port is developed. The device of statistical forecasting which includes all stages of processing of dynamic numbers is offered and improved: the analysis of seasonal processes, forecasting of a seasonal wave and construction of confidential intervals. -
Voloshchuk I., Ivankina Y. The analysis of world experience of use of state-private partnership and condition of its introduction in Ukraine
The global experience of public-private partnership as a form of cooperation between the state and business for projects completion in the sphere of telecommunications, energetics, transport and water supply has been researched in the article. The efficiency of PPP in the Latin America, the Caribbean basin countries, the Western And Southern Asia, Europe is analyzed herewith. The leading country in carrying out of PPP has been identified along with its reasons for success. The countries which as a result of PPP completion research have low figures in the amount of investment as well as in the number of projects are studied in order to define ways of increasing these figures. The prerequisites of appliance of PPP in Ukraine, the legal base for their completion, forms of state support of investment projects are found out. The detailed analysis of global practice has been made in the usage of ppp models: service contracts, management contracts, leasing agreements and affermage, concessions, BOT contracts and others. The definite advantages and disadvantages of a particular PPP model, its implementation, liabilities of both parties are defined herewith. The definite advantages and disadvantages of A particular PPP model, its implementation, liabilities of both parties are defined herewith. Graphic schemes of cooperation of contracting parties during project implementation (the scheme of leasing model of ppp, typical sheme of BOT are made and presented. Terms and conditions for partnership of public sector, private one and the end-user are given. Methods of effective introduction of ppp as a form of interaction of state and business in Ukraine are carried out. -
Kalynyna A. The study of the essence of the strategic potential of the regions
The article deals with the necessity of studying the category "strategic potential of the region" as it is a complex, multi-sided and multi-level category. Therefore only a complex study is a able to reveal the laws of its formation, application and development. There have been made summary tables containing the definitions of the authors and the contents of the definitions studied as the result of the investigation of different approaches for defining the categories "potential", "economic potential of the region", "Strategic potential of the region". it is underlined that the material base for providing a complex development of the region is formed by the economic potential. In case the definitions investigated are generalized, there can be made a conclusion that the economic potential characterizes the possible power of the economy. the economic potential is integrated with the level of the practical application of the sources aggregated which appear as a result of the opportunities realized. It is noted that none of the definitions considered indicate such important components of the economic potential as defining of the perspective possibilities for development of the regional systems and competitive advantages of the territory. The category "strategic potential of the region" has been studied according to the resource, effective and strategic approaches. The investigation finds out that the category "strategic potential of the region" which has appeared recently has become polysemic at once. It is the reason that the scientists still interpret it differently. It is noted that the strategic potential of the region is based on the economic potential but has a mush wider application. The author's definition of the category "strategic potential of the region" is provided. Taking into consideration modern approaches, the main principles of forming and functioning of the strategic potential of the region are defined. -
Sotnychenko L. Forecasting of development of the regional transport infrastructure
The methods of economic forecast are investigated in the article. Their classification according to a complexity of an economic predicted process is given; the foundation degree; by reception of the forecasting information. According to the foundation degree forecasting methods can be divided into intuitive and founded. By their feature “information basis of method” all methods are divided into factual, combined and expert. Belong to extrapolation, modeling, expert questionnaire to the basic methods of forecasting. Special attention should be drawn to the combined methods of forecasting, consisting of such methods with mixed information basis where factual, and as well as expert information is used primarily. The algorithm of carrying out the process of forecasting according to the revealed tendency of development of an infrastructure seen in the region is offered in the article. It is underlined that the application of only statistical methods in the not always the best way as they cannot predict all cases of changes in the research process. Therefore, the necessity of working out of a new type of methods based not only on statistical methods, but also on expert judgments is explained. It is proved thet the use of expert rating leads to increase of forecast accuracy. For working out of the objective forecast of development of a regional transport infrastructure. It is reasonable to use a scenery approach providing foundation of some scenery variants and their comparison. The procedure of forecasting a transport infrastructure of development is the basis for drawing up further programs and plans for development of their branches. It is the tool which allows to strengthen competitive advantages of the region and to conduct it on a newer level of it’s development -
Shvets G., Skrypchenko L. Essence and peculiarities of intellectual property
The article examines the history of intellectual property. Detected some approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «intellectual property» in terms of different scientists. On the basis of the Convention establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization transferred rights includes intellectual property. According to the current legislation of Ukraine stipulates who is the subject of intellectual property, namely: citizens, legal persons and the state. Classification of intellectual property, which consists of industrial property (inventions, industrial designs, utility models, industrial designs, trademarks for goods and services, appellations of origin, trade names) of copyright (works of science , literature and art that result from creative activity) and related rights (rights of performers, phonogram producers and broadcasting organizations) and non-traditional intellectual property (plant varieties, topographies of integrated circuits, trade secrets (know-how). And also in addition held characterization of each group of intellectual property that are in the classification. These and described that one of the features of IP is that it contains a moral intellectual property rights and (or) intellectual property rights. Shows modern Ukraine legislative framework in the field of intellectual property are, which consists of the Constitution of Ukraine, Ukraine Code, special laws of Ukraine, decrees and orders of the President, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, departmental regulations and so on. Transferred benefits from the use and creation of intellectual property. -
Mordvytska Yu. Methodological approaches to the structure and classification of logistics costs of enterprises within international vertically integrated holdings
The methodological approaches to the definition and classification of logistics costs of enterprises and companies within the international corporate structures were systemized in the paper; the author’ definition of the term "logistics costs" of production enterprise within a vertically-integrated holding company was proposed; the system of enterprise logistics costs classification was supplemented on the basis of the types: the distribution costs of moving sources within the corporation; hierarchical levels of the organizational structure of corporations and profit distribution between the centers of financial responsibility; the model of interaction between planning and logistics costs sources of industrial vertically-integrated holding mechanism and model the impact of transfer pricing on the development of logistics costs in the structure of the total cost of production of industrial enterprises within the organizational structure of the corporation.
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Andronik O.L. Middle class in the social-economic development
The article shows process of provide a middle class in the social and economic development with a view to ensuring social security as an organized, purposeful activity and socio-economic conditions which have the character of complex activities simultaneously covers various areas as social and economic, political and other types of activity (financial, food, environmental, technological, scientific, technological, foreign, etc.). For a more understanding of the issues and determine where the middle class in the social-economic development was research conception of "system". Examining the concept of "system" set of "system of socio-economic development" - organizational, economic and legal measures to prevent social and economic threats, covering the following elements: objective and comprehensive monitoring of the economy and society to identify and Forecasting internal and external threats to the social sphere; determining the maximum permissible values of social and economic indicators, failure of which leads to social instability and conflict; state activities to detect and prevent internal and external threats in the social sphere. Discovered demands the effective functioning of the socio economic system of the middle class. Due to the complexity, diversity and complexity of the problems of social development and functioning, studied at different levels of socio-economic mechanism of formation and support of the middle class. Based on the analysis formed a special course directions of the state policy aimed at the development of the middle class in Ukraine -
Goroshkova L., Volkov V., Shkarupilo E. The logistical approach to management of an infrastructure of a housing and municipal services of Ukraine
In work the analysis of the factors of influence on a financial and economic condition of a housing and municipal services of Ukraine is carried out. Is established, that them is the infrastructural component and factors of demand on services and prices on them. Is proved what to improve a condition of branch probably at the expense of effective management of an infrastructure on a basis of logistics. In work the constructed cards of the market of municipal services in view of a level of an accomplishment of inhabited fund. Is established, that in branch there is an additional segment of the market - infrastructure in an emergency condition. It for branch is by a potential opportunity of increase of volume granting of services, for the population - opportunity of increase of a level of his well-being at the expense of improvement of quality of housing conditions. Is proved, that the further development of an infrastructure is by the factor of positive influence on a financial and economic condition of branch. Is established, that the factor of influence on financial result housing and municipal services are the parameters of the price and demand for services of branch. The carried out analysis has shown, that the volumes of consumption of services of maintenance service of habitation and electric power grow not looking on increase of the prices by them, that is the infringement of the law of demand is observed. Concerning other housing and municipal services, the law of demand was carried out - with reduction of volume consumption, the price - grew. For construction of mathematical model, which describes these dependences it is offered to use logistical the equation. As against the traditional approach, at which logistical the equation describes dynamics(changes) of change of investigated parameter in time constructed logistical of curve dependence of the price of housing and municipal services from volume of demand for them. It is offered to determine an equilibrium condition of area as a point of crossing logistical curve, constructed for services, for which the law of demand and is carried out for which it rises (Giffen’s service). -
Goroshkova L., Volkov V., Kiyanova А. The logistical approach in management of financial flows of the projects
Is established, that use of the mathematical device of indistinct sets for an estimation of the investment projects, promotes increase of reliability forecast of accounts of economic and social efficiency of realization of the programs and projects. Is shown, that traditional parameters of expediency of realization of the project, as pure discount the income (NPV), internal norm of profitability (IRR) and term of pay back (РР) are used under condition of, when the money flows of the project are known. In practice, it not always so, as has allowed to offer for an estimation of the real investment projects in a housing and municipal services to use the mathematical device of indistinct sets, if the certain part of parameters of the project can be estimated by the experts. Is proved, that the feature of the projects in sphere of a housing and municipal services is their simultaneously economic and social efficiency, that is the parameters of an estimation of the project are simultaneously quantitative and qualitative. Is shown what simultaneously to estimate quantitative and qualitative parameters probably under condition of use of the mathematical device of the theory of indistinct sets. In view of high power consumption domestic housing and municipal services, at an estimation of the innovation-investment projects it is offered to use additional to financial criteria a parameter of power consumption of the project -
Volkov V., Goroshkova L., Kovalenko G., Mandrykin A. Management of the real estate of housing and municipal services on a basis logistics
To results of researches is proved, that housing and municipal services has the important meaning for maintenance of process creation of national property - real estate, which forms the basis functioning a national economy. Is established, that the peak efficiency in management of a housing and municipal services is possible for reaching in case of their construction on bases logistics. The dynamic development of a housing and municipal services, as complex (difficult) system, is possible at presence of the effective mechanism of its improvement. Therefore, in our opinion, it is possible to supply efficiency of management in housing and municipal services under condition of use of kaidzen technology.
By the mathematics is proved, that the control system of a housing and municipal services of Ukraine is not optimum, and is not steady. For this reason during reforming area is offered to use a situation kaidzen of technology concerning change of this structure on one more optimum. The new structure of management will include condominium and their association, building and inhabited cooperative societies managing companies, structures constructed on the basis of state-private partnership etc.
